[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":791},["ShallowReactive",2],{"nav:fr":3,"content:fr:facts-reaction-time-measured":155,"cards:fr:all":662},{"sections":4,"sheet":130,"site":133},[5,25,46,58,82,100],{"section":6,"hub":7,"tests":10},"reaction",{"key":8,"path":9},"hub-reaction","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-reaction-en-ligne",[11,15,18,22],{"key":12,"path":13,"featured":14},"reaction-time","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-reaction",true,{"key":16,"path":17,"featured":14},"f1-reaction","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-reaction-f1",{"key":19,"path":20,"featured":21},"sound-reaction","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-reaction-sonore",false,{"key":23,"path":24,"featured":14},"aim-trainer","\u002Ffr\u002Faim-trainer",{"section":26,"hub":27,"tests":30},"click",{"key":28,"path":29},"hub-click","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-clic-souris",[31,34,37,40,43],{"key":32,"path":33,"featured":14},"cps-test","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-cps",{"key":35,"path":36,"featured":14},"spacebar-clicker","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-barre-espace",{"key":38,"path":39,"featured":14},"click-counter","\u002Ffr\u002Fcompteur-de-clic",{"key":41,"path":42,"featured":21},"tap-bpm","\u002Ffr\u002Ftap-tempo-bpm",{"key":44,"path":45,"featured":21},"apm-test","\u002Ffr\u002Fapm-test",{"section":47,"hub":48,"tests":51},"typing",{"key":49,"path":50},"hub-typing","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-frappe-en-ligne",[52,55],{"key":53,"path":54,"featured":14},"typing-test","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-vitesse-de-frappe",{"key":56,"path":57,"featured":14},"reading-speed","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-vitesse-de-lecture",{"section":59,"hub":60,"tests":63},"memory",{"key":61,"path":62},"hub-memory","\u002Ffr\u002Ftests-de-memoire",[64,67,70,73,76,79],{"key":65,"path":66,"featured":21},"number-memory","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-memoire-des-chiffres",{"key":68,"path":69,"featured":14},"visual-memory","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-memoire-visuelle",{"key":71,"path":72,"featured":21},"sequence-memory","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-memoire-sequentielle",{"key":74,"path":75,"featured":21},"verbal-memory","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-memoire-verbale",{"key":77,"path":78,"featured":14},"chimp-test","\u002Ffr\u002Fchimp-test",{"key":80,"path":81,"featured":14},"stroop-test","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-concentration",{"section":83,"hub":84,"tests":87},"hardware",{"key":85,"path":86},"hub-hardware","\u002Ffr\u002Ftests-materiels",[88,91,94,97],{"key":89,"path":90,"featured":14},"keyboard-test","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-clavier",{"key":92,"path":93,"featured":14},"mouse-test","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-souris",{"key":95,"path":96,"featured":21},"polling-rate","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-polling-rate",{"key":98,"path":99,"featured":14},"refresh-rate","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-hz-ecran",{"section":101,"hub":102,"tests":105},"personality",{"key":103,"path":104},"hub-personality","\u002Ffr\u002Ftests-de-personnalite",[106,109,112,115,118,121,124,127],{"key":107,"path":108,"featured":14},"big-five","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-big-five",{"key":110,"path":111,"featured":14},"personality-test","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-personnalite",{"key":113,"path":114,"featured":21},"quick-personality","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-de-personnalite-rapide",{"key":116,"path":117,"featured":21},"personality-types","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-16-types-de-personnalite",{"key":119,"path":120,"featured":14},"career-interests","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-d-orientation-professionnelle",{"key":122,"path":123,"featured":21},"dark-triad","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-triade-noire",{"key":125,"path":126,"featured":21},"political-values","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-politique",{"key":128,"path":129,"featured":21},"self-esteem","\u002Ffr\u002Ftest-estime-de-soi",{"key":131,"path":132},"spec-sheet","\u002Ffr\u002Ffiche-technique",[134,137,140,143,146,149,152],{"key":135,"path":136},"about","\u002Ffr\u002Fa-propos",{"key":138,"path":139},"methodology","\u002Ffr\u002Fmethodologie",{"key":141,"path":142},"instruments","\u002Ffr\u002Fquestionnaire-de-personnalite",{"key":144,"path":145},"facts","\u002Ffr\u002Ffaits",{"key":147,"path":148},"privacy","\u002Ffr\u002Fpolitique-de-confidentialite",{"key":150,"path":151},"terms","\u002Ffr\u002Fconditions-d-utilisation",{"key":153,"path":154},"contact","\u002Ffr\u002Fcontact",{"key":156,"kind":157,"locale":158,"contentUpdated":159,"published":159,"review":160,"title":161,"description":162,"h1":163,"intro":164,"sections":183,"related":473,"crumbs":488,"citations":497,"faq":611,"relatedHeading":658,"cta":659,"sourcesHeading":661},"facts-reaction-time-measured","article","fr","2026-10-06","ai-raw","Mesure du temps de réaction : labo, sprint, navigateur","La mesure du temps de réaction en laboratoire, sur un départ de sprint et dans un navigateur : sa précision, et pourquoi les chiffres diffèrent.","Comment fonctionne la mesure du temps de réaction ?",[165,168,171,173,175,177,181],{"t":166,"v":167},"text","La mesure du temps de réaction est simple dans son principe : un signal apparaît à un moment connu, la personne répond le plus vite possible, et le temps écoulé entre les deux est le temps de réaction. Tout le reste consiste à le faire avec précision : savoir exactement quand le signal est vraiment apparu, saisir le tout début de la réponse, et recommencer assez de fois pour obtenir une valeur du milieu juste. Un montage de laboratoire étalonné a mesuré une moyenne de ",{"t":169,"v":170},"num","230,8",{"t":166,"v":172}," ms chez des adultes qui appuyaient sur un bouton de souris, soit ",{"t":169,"v":174},"213",{"t":166,"v":176}," ms une fois retiré le délai de son propre matériel",{"t":178,"id":179,"n":180},"cite","woods-2015",1,{"t":166,"v":182},".",[184,209,248,309,341,394],{"role":185,"section":186},"section",{"heading":187,"blocks":188},"Les parties d’une mesure",[189,204],{"type":190,"items":191},"steps",[192,195,198,201],[193],{"t":166,"v":194},"Une attente de durée imprévisible, pour que la personne ne puisse pas apprendre le rythme et appuyer trop tôt.",[196],{"t":166,"v":197},"Le signal : une lumière, une image, un son ou une vibration, dont il faut connaître le moment réel d’apparition.",[199],{"t":166,"v":200},"La réponse : un appui sur un bouton, une touche, un toucher ou une poussée sur un capteur, dont il faut aussi connaître le moment réel.",[202],{"t":166,"v":203},"La répétition : de nombreux essais, en écartant les appuis trop précoces et les très tardifs, puis une valeur typique tirée du reste.",{"type":205,"text":206},"paragraph",[207],{"t":166,"v":208},"Chaque étape peut mal tourner à sa façon. Une attente fixe invite à deviner. Un écran qui montre le signal en retard, ou un bouton qui signale l’appui en retard, ajoute un temps qui n’est pas celui de la personne. Et un seul essai dit peu de choses, car personne ne réagit deux fois à la même vitesse.",{"role":185,"section":210},{"heading":211,"blocks":212},"Quel temps de réaction ?",[213,231],{"type":205,"text":214},[215,217,219,221,224,226,229],{"t":166,"v":216},"Les chercheurs en mesurent plusieurs sortes, et la sorte décide du chiffre. Une réaction simple a un signal et une réponse, et c’est la plus rapide. Une réaction à choix donne plusieurs signaux avec une réponse pour chacun, comme la tâche à ",{"t":169,"v":218},"4",{"t":166,"v":220}," choix d’une grande enquête britannique",{"t":178,"id":222,"n":223},"der-2006",2,{"t":166,"v":225},". Une réaction « aller \u002F ne pas aller » demande d’appuyer pour un signal et de rester immobile pour un autre ; dans une longue étude à Baltimore, elle ralentissait avec l’âge environ trois fois plus vite qu’une réaction simple",{"t":178,"id":227,"n":228},"fozard-1994",3,{"t":166,"v":230},". Un test de mots de couleur comme le test de Stroop est une réaction à choix avec un conflit intégré.",{"type":205,"text":232},[233,235,238,240,242,244,246],{"t":166,"v":234},"Un chiffre de temps de réaction doit donc toujours être accompagné de sa tâche. Notre ",{"t":236,"v":237,"to":13,"key":12},"link","test de réaction",{"t":166,"v":239}," mesure une réaction simple à une lumière, le ",{"t":236,"v":241,"to":20,"key":19},"test de réaction au son",{"t":166,"v":243}," une réaction simple à un bip, et le ",{"t":236,"v":245,"to":81,"key":80},"test de Stroop",{"t":166,"v":247}," un choix avec un conflit.",{"role":185,"section":249},{"heading":250,"blocks":251},"En laboratoire",[252,263,282,297],{"type":205,"text":253},[254,256,258,260,261],{"t":166,"v":255},"Les premières mesures du temps de réaction ont été faites au XIXe siècle par Francis Galton, qui a relevé chez des jeunes des réactions visuelles simples inférieures à ",{"t":169,"v":257},"190",{"t":166,"v":259}," ms",{"t":178,"id":179,"n":180},{"t":166,"v":262},". Les laboratoires modernes utilisent des ordinateurs, mais ils les vérifient : ils mesurent le délai de leur propre écran et de leur propre bouton et en tiennent compte.",{"type":205,"text":264},[265,267,269,271,272,274,275,277,279,280,281],{"t":166,"v":266},"La grande étude à laquelle notre test vous compare a fait exactement cela. Ses ",{"t":169,"v":268},"1 469",{"t":166,"v":270}," volontaires voyaient une cible et appuyaient sur un bouton de souris. La moyenne brute était de ",{"t":169,"v":170},{"t":166,"v":273}," ms ; une fois retiré le délai mesuré du matériel, elle était de ",{"t":169,"v":174},{"t":166,"v":276}," ms. Les auteurs ont aussi mesuré le temps que chaque personne mettait simplement à démarrer un mouvement de doigt, et ont donc pu estimer le temps nécessaire pour remarquer la cible : environ ",{"t":169,"v":278},"131",{"t":166,"v":259},{"t":178,"id":179,"n":180},{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":283},[284,286,288,290,292,293,296],{"t":166,"v":285},"Les logiciels de laboratoire sont aussi très précis. Une comparaison de logiciels d’expérience, menée sur plus de ",{"t":169,"v":287},"110 000",{"t":166,"v":289}," essais avec un boîtier de mesure, a trouvé que les meilleurs programmes de laboratoire chronométraient les stimuli et les réponses avec une précision inférieure à ",{"t":169,"v":291},"1",{"t":166,"v":259},{"t":178,"id":294,"n":295},"bridges-2020",4,{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":298},[299,301,303,305,308],{"t":166,"v":300},"Certains laboratoires vont plus loin et enregistrent le cerveau ou les muscles. Dans une étude, des enregistrements du cerveau montraient que des personnes décidaient si une photo affichée brièvement contenait un animal en moins de ",{"t":169,"v":302},"150",{"t":166,"v":304}," ms, avant qu’aucun bouton ne soit pressé",{"t":178,"id":306,"n":307},"thorpe-1996",5,{"t":166,"v":182},{"role":185,"section":310},{"heading":311,"blocks":312},"Au départ d’un sprint",[313,325],{"type":205,"text":314},[315,317,319,321,324],{"t":166,"v":316},"L’athlétisme mesure le temps de réaction pour une raison pratique : repérer les faux départs. Des capteurs dans les blocs de départ enregistrent la poussée des pieds de chaque coureur par rapport au moment du coup de pistolet. Le règlement de World Athletics considère une réaction inférieure à ",{"t":169,"v":318},"0,1",{"t":166,"v":320}," seconde, mesurée par un tel système certifié, comme un faux départ possible",{"t":178,"id":322,"n":323},"world-athletics-2026",6,{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":326},[327,329,331,333,335,336,339],{"t":166,"v":328},"Des chercheurs ont utilisé le même genre de matériel en plus détaillé, avec des capteurs de force dans chaque cale-pied, synchronisés avec le signal de départ, et des enregistrements des muscles de la jambe. Ils ont trouvé que les muscles de sprinteurs entraînés pouvaient répondre au son en moins de ",{"t":169,"v":330},"85",{"t":166,"v":332}," ms, et que les premiers signaux musculaires apparaissaient en moins de ",{"t":169,"v":334},"60",{"t":166,"v":259},{"t":178,"id":337,"n":338},"pain-2007",7,{"t":166,"v":340},". Un appui sur un bouton est bien plus lent à chronométrer qu’un signal musculaire.",{"role":185,"section":342},{"heading":343,"blocks":344},"Dans un navigateur ou sur un téléphone",[345,372,382],{"type":205,"text":346},[347,349,351,353,355,357,360,362,364,365,367,368,371],{"t":166,"v":348},"Une page web ne peut pas étalonner l’écran et la souris qui sont devant vous. Elle ne peut chronométrer que ce qu’elle voit : le moment où elle a demandé d’afficher le signal et le moment où on lui a annoncé votre appui. Deux études ont mesuré l’écart avec la réalité en appuyant sur des touches et des écrans tactiles avec un robot. Sur des ordinateurs portables et des téléphones ordinaires, les navigateurs enregistraient chaque réaction plus lente qu’elle n’était, de ",{"t":169,"v":350},"57,6",{"t":166,"v":352}," ms à ",{"t":169,"v":354},"132,9",{"t":166,"v":356}," ms en moyenne selon l’appareil et le navigateur",{"t":178,"id":358,"n":359},"pronk-2020",8,{"t":166,"v":361}," ; sur des ordinateurs de bureau et portables, la seconde étude a trouvé de ",{"t":169,"v":363},"76,5",{"t":166,"v":352},{"t":169,"v":366},"82,3",{"t":166,"v":259},{"t":178,"id":369,"n":370},"anwyl-irvine-2021",9,{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":373},[374,376,378,379,380],{"t":166,"v":375},"La bonne nouvelle, c’est que le délai d’un appareil est assez stable. La plupart des logiciels de la grande comparaison chronométraient les réponses dans un navigateur avec une précision inférieure à ",{"t":169,"v":377},"10",{"t":166,"v":259},{"t":178,"id":294,"n":295},{"t":166,"v":381}," : les écarts entre vos propres essais sur un même appareil ont donc un sens, même si le chiffre absolu paraît élevé.",{"type":205,"text":383},[384,386,388,390,393],{"t":166,"v":385},"Les téléphones ajoutent le plus. Dans une étude où de jeunes adultes répondaient à des bips, des vibrations et des lumières sur un téléphone, le signal seul le plus rapide, un bip fort, prenait encore ",{"t":169,"v":387},"405",{"t":166,"v":389}," ms en moyenne, bien au-dessus des chiffres de laboratoire pour une lumière",{"t":178,"id":391,"n":392},"yoshida-2023",10,{"t":166,"v":182},{"role":185,"section":395},{"heading":396,"blocks":397},"Comment notre test de réaction mesure",[398,440,458],{"type":399,"items":400},"list",[401,412,415,426,437],[402,404,406,408,410],{"t":166,"v":403},"L’écran devient vert après une attente au hasard entre ",{"t":169,"v":405},"1,5",{"t":166,"v":407}," s et ",{"t":169,"v":409},"4,5",{"t":166,"v":411}," s, pour que vous ne puissiez pas deviner le moment.",[413],{"t":166,"v":414},"Le moment du vert est pris sur l’image suivante de l’écran, et votre appui sur l’heure que donne le navigateur à l’événement lui-même, pas sur le moment où notre code a fini par le traiter.",[416,418,420,422,424],{"t":166,"v":417},"Un appui plus rapide que ",{"t":169,"v":419},"100",{"t":166,"v":421}," ms compte comme une devinette et l’essai est refait ; un appui plus lent que ",{"t":169,"v":423},"1 000",{"t":166,"v":425}," ms compte comme un trou d’attention.",[427,429,431,433,435],{"t":166,"v":428},"Après un essai d’entraînement, ",{"t":169,"v":430},"5",{"t":166,"v":432}," essais comptent (",{"t":169,"v":434},"20",{"t":166,"v":436}," en mode précis), et votre résultat est celui du milieu.",[438],{"t":166,"v":439},"Si vous passez à un autre onglet ou à une autre fenêtre pendant un essai, cet essai est écarté.",{"type":205,"text":441},[442,444,446,447,449,451,453,454,456],{"t":166,"v":443},"Le test mesure aussi la fréquence de rafraîchissement de votre écran et l’affiche avec votre résultat, pour que vous voyiez ce que l’écran ajoute. Il tient compte du retard que les études avec robot ont trouvé en plus de celui du laboratoire, de ",{"t":169,"v":445},"44,1",{"t":166,"v":352},{"t":169,"v":448},"115,1",{"t":166,"v":450}," ms avec un clavier ou une souris et de ",{"t":169,"v":452},"39,8",{"t":166,"v":352},{"t":169,"v":455},"52",{"t":166,"v":457}," ms avec un écran tactile, et montre la comparaison avec l’étude sous forme de fourchette. Sur un ordinateur, cette fourchette est large : c’est une raison de plus de comparer vos résultats sur un seul appareil plutôt que de courir après un chiffre.",{"type":205,"text":459},[460,462,466,468,472],{"t":166,"v":461},"L’article sur l’",{"t":236,"v":463,"to":464,"key":465},"input lag, le délai de réaction de l’écran et de la souris","\u002Ffr\u002Ffaits\u002Finput-lag","facts-input-lag",{"t":166,"v":467}," regarde plus en détail les écrans, les souris et les fréquences de rafraîchissement, et chaque étude à laquelle nos tests vous comparent est listée sur la page des ",{"t":236,"v":469,"to":470,"key":471},"études derrière les chiffres","\u002Ffr\u002Fetudes","studies",{"t":166,"v":182},[474,477,480,483],{"key":12,"path":13,"title":475,"description":476},"Test de réaction","Test de réaction gratuit : touchez ou cliquez dès que l’écran devient vert. Votre temps médian, comparé à une étude publiée sur des adultes. Sans compte.",{"key":138,"path":139,"title":478,"description":479},"Méthodologie","Méthodologie de Selfspecs : la mesure du temps, comment un résultat est comparé à un groupe nommé, comment on note les questionnaires, et les limites.",{"key":465,"path":464,"title":481,"description":482},"Input lag : c’est quoi, ce délai entre votre geste et l’écran ?","L’input lag expliqué : ce qu’un écran 144 Hz, une souris rapide et votre navigateur ajoutent à une réaction, ce qu’a trouvé la recherche en esport.",{"key":484,"path":485,"title":486,"description":487},"guide-test-accuracy","\u002Ffr\u002Fguides\u002Ffiabilite-test-de-personnalite","Fiabilité test de personnalité et tests en ligne","Fiabilité test de personnalité et tests en ligne : comment un navigateur chronomètre, ce qu’ajoutent écran et souris, et ce que vaut un questionnaire.",[489,493,495],{"key":490,"path":491,"name":492},"home","\u002Ffr","Tests en ligne gratuits : que voulez-vous tester ?",{"key":144,"path":145,"name":494},"Les faits en bref",{"key":156,"path":496,"name":163},"\u002Ffr\u002Ffaits\u002Fmesure-du-temps-de-reaction",[498,511,524,536,547,557,566,577,588,600],{"n":180,"id":179,"kind":499,"authors":500,"year":501,"title":502,"venue":503,"doi":504,"url":505,"participants":268,"population":506,"notes":507},"sample","Woods, D. L., Wyma, J. M., Yund, E. W., Herron, T. J., & Reed, B.",2015,"Factors influencing the latency of simple reaction time","Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 131","10.3389\u002Ffnhum.2015.00131","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fhuman-neuroscience\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffnhum.2015.00131\u002Ffull","Community volunteers in Rotorua, New Zealand, aged 18 to 65 (mean age 45.8, 40% men)",[508],{"date":509,"url":505,"quote":510},"2026-10-01","Abstract: \"Experiment 1 examined a community sample of 1469 subjects ranging in age from 18 to 65. Mean SRT latencies were short (231, 213 ms when corrected for hardware delays) and increased significantly with age (0.55 ms\u002Fyear)\". Table 2, column Experiment 1: \"N 1469\", \"SRT 230.8\", \"SRT SD 26.8\".",{"n":223,"id":222,"kind":512,"authors":513,"year":514,"title":515,"venue":516,"doi":517,"url":518,"participants":519,"population":520,"notes":521},"source","Der, G., & Deary, I. J.",2006,"Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood: Results from the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey","Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 62–73","10.1037\u002F0882-7974.21.1.62","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16594792\u002F","7 130","Adults in the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey",[522],{"date":159,"url":518,"quote":523},"Abstract: \"The authors reanalyzed data for 7,130 adult participants in the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey\" \"The authors modeled the age differences in simple and 4-choice reaction time means and variabilities\" \"Simple RT shows little slowing until around 50, whereas choice RT slows throughout the adult age range.\"",{"n":228,"id":227,"kind":512,"authors":525,"year":526,"title":527,"venue":528,"doi":529,"url":530,"participants":531,"population":532,"notes":533},"Fozard, J. L., Vercruyssen, M., Reynolds, S. L., Hancock, P. A., & Quilter, R. E.",1994,"Age differences and changes in reaction time: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","Journal of Gerontology, 49(4), P179–P189","10.1093\u002Fgeronj\u002F49.4.p179","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F8014399\u002F","1 265","Community volunteers in Baltimore aged 17 to 96",[534],{"date":159,"url":530,"quote":535},"Abstract: \"This study analyzed auditory reaction time (RT) data from 1,265 community-dwelling volunteers (833 males and 432 females) who ranged in age from 17 to 96.\" \"Repeated testing within participants (longitudinal analyses) over eight years showed consistent slowing and increased variability with age.\" \"Beginning at about age 20, RTs increased at a rate of approximately 0.5 msec\u002Fyr for SRT and 1.6 msec\u002Fyr for DRT.\"",{"n":295,"id":294,"kind":512,"authors":537,"year":538,"title":539,"venue":540,"doi":541,"url":542,"notes":543},"Bridges, D., Pitiot, A., MacAskill, M. R., & Peirce, J. W.",2020,"The timing mega-study: comparing a range of experiment generators, both lab-based and online","PeerJ, 8, e9414","10.7717\u002Fpeerj.9414","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC7512138\u002F",[544],{"date":159,"url":545,"quote":546},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F33005482\u002F","Abstract: \"Among the lab-based experiments, Psychtoolbox, PsychoPy, Presentation and E-Prime provided the best timing, all with mean precision under 1 millisecond across the visual, audio and response measures.\" \"Online studies did not deliver the same level of precision as lab-based systems, with slightly more variability in all measurements.\" \"For response times (measured using a high-performance button box), most of the packages achieved precision at least under 10 ms in all browsers, with PsychoPy achieving a precision under 3.5 ms in all.\" \"The results, from over 110,000 trials, highlight the wide range of timing qualities that can occur even in these dedicated software packages for the task.\"",{"n":307,"id":306,"kind":512,"authors":548,"year":549,"title":550,"venue":551,"doi":552,"url":553,"notes":554},"Thorpe, S., Fize, D., & Marlot, C.",1996,"Speed of processing in the human visual system","Nature, 381(6582), 520–522","10.1038\u002F381520a0","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F8632824\u002F",[555],{"date":159,"url":553,"quote":556},"Abstract: \"Here we use a go\u002Fno-go categorization task in which subjects have to decide whether a previously unseen photograph, flashed on for just 20 ms, contains an animal. ERP analysis revealed a frontal negativity specific to no-go trials that develops roughly 150 ms after stimulus onset. We conclude that the visual processing needed to perform this highly demanding task can be achieved in under 150 ms.\"",{"n":323,"id":322,"kind":512,"authors":558,"year":559,"title":560,"venue":561,"url":562,"notes":563},"World Athletics",2026,"Book C, C2.1 Technical Rules, Rule 16 (The start), version in force from 1 July 2026","World Athletics Book of Rules","https:\u002F\u002Fworldathletics.org\u002Fabout-iaaf\u002Fdocuments\u002Fbook-of-rules",[564],{"date":159,"url":562,"quote":565},"C2.1 Technical Rules (document \"C1.1 & C2.1 - Competition Rules & Technical Rules\", dated 01 JUL 2026): \"When a World Athletics certified Start Information System is in use, the Starter and\u002For an assigned Recaller shall wear headphones in order to clearly hear the acoustic signal emitted when the System indicates a possible false start (i.e. when the reaction time is less than 0.100 second).\"",{"n":338,"id":337,"kind":512,"authors":567,"year":568,"title":569,"venue":570,"doi":571,"url":572,"population":573,"notes":574},"Pain, M. T. G., & Hibbs, A.",2007,"Sprint starts and the minimum auditory reaction time","Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(1), 79–86","10.1080\u002F02640410600718004","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F17127583\u002F","Nine sprinters starting from instrumented blocks",[575],{"date":159,"url":572,"quote":576},"Abstract: \"The simple auditory reaction time is one of the fastest reaction times and is thought to be rarely less than 100 ms.\" \"Reaction time in nine athletes performing sprint starts in four conditions was measured using starting blocks instrumented with piezoelectric force transducers\" \"Five of the athletes had mean reaction times of less than 100 ms in at least one condition and 20% of all starts in the first two conditions had a reaction time of less than 100 ms. The results demonstrate that the neuromuscular-physiological component of simple auditory reaction times can be under 85 ms and that EMG latencies can be under 60 ms.\"",{"n":359,"id":358,"kind":512,"authors":578,"year":538,"title":579,"venue":580,"doi":581,"url":582,"population":583,"notes":584},"Pronk, T., Wiers, R. W., Molenkamp, B., & Murre, J.","Mental chronometry in the pocket? Timing accuracy of web applications on touchscreen and keyboard devices","Behavior Research Methods, 52(3), 1371–1382","10.3758\u002Fs13428-019-01321-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC7280355\u002F","Four devices from 2015 and 2016: a MacBook Pro, an ASUS laptop, a Samsung Galaxy S7 and an iPhone 6S, pressed by a robot",[585],{"date":159,"url":586,"quote":587},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC7280355\u002FfullTextXML","Abstract: \"In controlled circumstances, as can be realized in a lab setting, very accurate stimulus timing and moderately accurate RT measurements could be achieved on both touchscreen and keyboard devices, though RTs were consistently overestimated.\" Table 4 \"Descriptives of RT overestimations (in milliseconds) per device and browser\" (OS, Web Browser, Minimum, Maximum, Mean, SD): \"Android Chrome 46.0 103.5 69.8 7.4\", \"iOS Safari 48.3 96.3 57.6 6.5\", \"MacOS Safari 93.0 163.7 132.9 8.1\", \"Windows Chrome 64.7 70.6 68.5 1.7\", \"Windows Firefox 49.8 84.9 61.9 5.7\".",{"n":370,"id":369,"kind":512,"authors":589,"year":590,"title":591,"venue":592,"doi":593,"url":594,"population":595,"notes":596},"Anwyl-Irvine, A., Dalmaijer, E. S., Hodges, N., & Evershed, J. K.",2021,"Realistic precision and accuracy of online experiment platforms, web browsers, and devices","Behavior Research Methods, 53(4), 1407–1425","10.3758\u002Fs13428-020-01501-5","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC8367876\u002F","Desktop and laptop computers with Windows 10 and macOS, pressed by a robot; and the equipment of 202,600 online participants",[597],{"date":159,"url":598,"quote":599},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC8367876\u002FfullTextXML","Abstract: \"We then employed a robot actuator in realistic set-ups to measure response recording across the aforementioned platforms, and between different keyboard types (desktop and integrated laptop).\" \"We found that modern web platforms provide reasonable accuracy and precision for display duration and manual response time\". Table 2 \"RT delay is calculated as the difference between known and recorded RT.\" Browser means: \"Chrome 78.81\", \"Edge 80.10\", \"Firefox 82.30\", \"Safari 76.50\"; device means: \"macOS-Desktop 85.35\", \"Windows-Desktop 76.24\", \"Windows-Laptop 73.65\". Results: \"We found that 77% of these devices were desktop or laptop computers, whereas only 20% were mobile devices\" \"Based on a sample of 202,600 participants.\"",{"n":392,"id":391,"kind":512,"authors":601,"year":602,"title":603,"venue":604,"url":605,"participants":434,"population":606,"notes":607},"Yoshida, K. T., Kiernan, J. X., Okamura, A. M., & Nunez, C. M.",2023,"Exploring human response times to combinations of audio, haptic, and visual stimuli from a mobile device","IEEE World Haptics Conference 2023 (arXiv:2305.17180)","https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fabs\u002F2305.17180","Adults aged 20 to 29 holding an iPhone 11",[608],{"date":159,"url":609,"quote":610},"https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fpdf\u002F2305.17180","\"Our user study included 20 participants (13 female, 6 male, 1 non-binary; aged 20-29).\" \"Participants had the shortest response time for the high audio stimulus (405 ± 50 ms) and longest response time for the low visual stimulus (528 ± 105 ms).\" \"The mean response time is the fastest in the condition with high levels of all three stimuli (mean ± standard deviation, 320 ± 43 ms)\" \"The fastest mean response time recorded for a particular subject was 250 ms, and the slowest was 819 ms.\" \"The overall mean response time across all conditions was (380 ± 52 ms).\"",{"heading":612,"items":613},"Questions",[614,626,641,651],{"q":615,"a":616},"Comment mesurer le temps de réaction en laboratoire ?",[617],{"type":205,"text":618},[619,621,622,623,624],{"t":166,"v":620},"Avec un écran et un bouton étalonnés, une attente au hasard avant chaque signal et de nombreux essais. Le délai du matériel est mesuré et pris en compte : dans une grande étude, la moyenne est passée de ",{"t":169,"v":170},{"t":166,"v":352},{"t":169,"v":174},{"t":166,"v":625}," ms une fois ce délai retiré.",{"q":627,"a":628},"Les tests de réaction en ligne sont-ils précis ?",[629],{"type":205,"text":630},[631,633,634,635,636,638,639],{"t":166,"v":632},"Ils sont réguliers, mais affichent trop haut. Des tests avec robot ont trouvé que les navigateurs enregistraient les réactions trop lentes de ",{"t":169,"v":350},{"t":166,"v":352},{"t":169,"v":354},{"t":166,"v":637}," ms en moyenne sur des appareils de tous les jours, tout en les chronométrant avec une précision inférieure à ",{"t":169,"v":377},{"t":166,"v":640}," ms dans la plupart des logiciels.",{"q":642,"a":643},"Comment calculer le temps de réaction en sprint ?",[644],{"type":205,"text":645},[646,648,649],{"t":166,"v":647},"Par des capteurs dans les blocs de départ, reliés au pistolet de départ. Une réaction inférieure à ",{"t":169,"v":318},{"t":166,"v":650}," seconde est traitée comme un faux départ possible.",{"q":652,"a":653},"Pourquoi mon résultat change-t-il d’un essai à l’autre ?",[654],{"type":205,"text":655},[656],{"t":166,"v":657},"Parce qu’on ne réagit jamais deux fois exactement à la même vitesse, et parce que le moment de chaque appui tombe différemment par rapport au rafraîchissement de l’écran. C’est pourquoi les tests utilisent plusieurs essais et prennent celui du milieu.","À lire aussi",{"label":660,"to":13,"key":12},"Faire le test de réaction","Sources",[663,680,702,712,738,756],{"section":6,"hub":9,"cards":664},[665,668,672,676],{"key":12,"test":12,"path":13,"title":475,"line":666,"minutes":180,"devices":667},"Découvrez votre rapidité quand l’écran devient vert.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":16,"test":16,"path":17,"title":669,"line":670,"minutes":180,"devices":671},"Test de réaction F1","Découvrez à quelle vitesse vous démarrez quand cinq feux rouges s’éteignent.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":19,"test":19,"path":20,"title":673,"line":674,"minutes":180,"devices":675},"Test réaction sonore","Découvrez votre rapidité face à un bip.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":23,"test":23,"path":24,"title":677,"line":678,"minutes":180,"devices":679},"Aim trainer : entraînez votre visée","Découvrez à quelle vitesse et avec quelle précision vous touchez des cibles.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"section":26,"hub":29,"cards":681},[682,686,690,694,698],{"key":32,"test":32,"path":33,"title":683,"line":684,"minutes":180,"devices":685},"Test CPS","Découvrez combien de fois par seconde vous pouvez cliquer.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":35,"test":35,"path":36,"title":687,"line":688,"minutes":180,"devices":689},"Test barre espace","Découvrez à quelle vitesse vous appuyez sur la barre d’espace.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":38,"test":38,"path":39,"title":691,"line":692,"minutes":180,"devices":693},"Compteur de clic","Tenez le compte de ce que vous voulez avec un grand bouton.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":41,"test":41,"path":42,"title":695,"line":696,"minutes":180,"devices":697},"Tap tempo BPM","Tapez en rythme et découvrez la vitesse du battement.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":44,"test":44,"path":45,"title":699,"line":700,"minutes":180,"devices":701},"APM test : vos actions par minute","Découvrez combien d’actions par minute vous faites au clavier et à la souris.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"section":47,"hub":50,"cards":703},[704,708],{"key":53,"test":53,"path":54,"title":705,"line":706,"minutes":180,"devices":707},"Test de vitesse de frappe","Découvrez à quelle vitesse et avec quelle précision vous tapez.",{"mouse":21,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":56,"test":56,"path":57,"title":709,"line":710,"minutes":228,"devices":711},"Test de vitesse de lecture","Découvrez à quelle vitesse vous lisez en comprenant le texte.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":59,"hub":62,"cards":713},[714,718,722,726,730,734],{"key":65,"test":65,"path":66,"title":715,"line":716,"minutes":228,"devices":717},"Test de mémoire des chiffres","Découvrez combien de chiffres vous pouvez garder en tête.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":68,"test":68,"path":69,"title":719,"line":720,"minutes":228,"devices":721},"Test de mémoire visuelle","Découvrez combien de cases vous retenez sur une grille qui grandit.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":71,"test":71,"path":72,"title":723,"line":724,"minutes":228,"devices":725},"Test de mémoire séquentielle","Découvrez quelle longue suite de cases allumées vous pouvez répéter.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":74,"test":74,"path":75,"title":727,"line":728,"minutes":228,"devices":729},"Test de mémoire verbale","Découvrez combien de mots vous distinguez entre déjà vus et nouveaux.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":77,"test":77,"path":78,"title":731,"line":732,"minutes":228,"devices":733},"Chimp test","Découvrez combien de nombres vous retenez une fois qu’ils ont disparu.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":80,"test":80,"path":81,"title":735,"line":736,"minutes":228,"devices":737},"Test de concentration : le test de Stroop","Découvrez comment vous ignorez un mot pendant que vous nommez sa couleur.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":83,"hub":86,"cards":739},[740,744,748,752],{"key":89,"test":89,"path":90,"title":741,"line":742,"minutes":180,"devices":743},"Test clavier","Appuyez sur vos touches et voyez lesquelles marchent.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":92,"test":92,"path":93,"title":745,"line":746,"minutes":180,"devices":747},"Test souris","Vérifiez chaque bouton et la molette de votre souris.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":95,"test":95,"path":96,"title":749,"line":750,"minutes":180,"devices":751},"Test polling rate","Découvrez à quelle fréquence votre souris signale sa position.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":98,"test":98,"path":99,"title":753,"line":754,"minutes":180,"devices":755},"Test Hz écran","Découvrez combien d’images par seconde affiche votre écran.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":101,"hub":104,"cards":757},[758,763,767,771,775,779,783,787],{"key":107,"test":107,"path":108,"title":759,"line":760,"minutes":761,"devices":762},"Test Big Five de personnalité","Un regard long et soigné sur cinq grands traits, avec plus de détails pour chacun.",20,{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":110,"test":110,"path":111,"title":764,"line":765,"minutes":359,"devices":766},"Test de personnalité","Cinquante courtes phrases sur votre façon d’être habituelle, pour cinq grands traits.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":113,"test":113,"path":114,"title":768,"line":769,"minutes":223,"devices":770},"Test de personnalité rapide","Dix courtes phrases : une esquisse rapide de cinq grands traits.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":116,"test":116,"path":117,"title":772,"line":773,"minutes":761,"devices":774},"Test 16 types de personnalité","Voyez vos réponses Big Five sous forme de quatre cadrans et d’un code de quatre lettres.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":119,"test":119,"path":120,"title":776,"line":777,"minutes":359,"devices":778},"Test d’orientation professionnelle : vos domaines d’intérêt","Découvrez vers quels types d’activité vous êtes le plus attiré.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":122,"test":122,"path":123,"title":780,"line":781,"minutes":307,"devices":782},"Test triade noire : quatre échelles, aucune étiquette","Un court questionnaire sur quatre côtés moins agréables de la personnalité.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":125,"test":125,"path":126,"title":784,"line":785,"minutes":392,"devices":786},"Test politique : vos valeurs sur quatre axes","Découvrez où vous vous situez sur quatre échelles de valeurs.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":128,"test":128,"path":129,"title":788,"line":789,"minutes":223,"devices":790},"Test estime de soi : comment vous vous voyez aujourd’hui","Un court questionnaire sur la façon dont vous vous voyez.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},1791315184842]