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En un gran estudio de laboratorio, ",{"t":168,"v":169},"num","1469",{"t":165,"v":171}," adultos tuvieron un promedio de ",{"t":168,"v":173},"230,8",{"t":165,"v":175}," ms, y la mayoría estaba a menos de ",{"t":168,"v":177},"26,8",{"t":165,"v":179}," ms de ese valor",{"t":181,"id":182,"n":183},"cite","woods-2015",1,{"t":165,"v":185},". Lo más rápido que un ser humano puede responder de verdad a un sonido está cerca de una décima de segundo, y por eso en el atletismo una salida más rápida cuenta como salida nula",{"t":181,"id":187,"n":188},"world-athletics-2026",2,{"t":165,"v":190},".",[192,278,316,380,437,497],{"role":193,"section":194},"section",{"heading":195,"blocks":196},"Las cifras en una tabla",[197,273],{"type":198,"caption":199,"head":202,"rows":209},"table",[200],{"t":165,"v":201},"Tiempos de reacción en los estudios y las reglas que cita esta página",[203,206],[204],{"t":165,"v":205},"Qué se midió",[207],{"t":165,"v":208},"Dato",[210,218,225,237,246,256,265],[211,214],[212],{"t":165,"v":213},"Adultos que pulsaban el botón de un ratón al aparecer un objetivo: el promedio",[215,216],{"t":168,"v":173},{"t":165,"v":217}," ms",[219,222],[220],{"t":165,"v":221},"A cuánto estaba del promedio la mayoría de esos adultos",[223,224],{"t":168,"v":177},{"t":165,"v":217},[226,229],[227],{"t":165,"v":228},"Clics en un test en línea muy conocido: el valor del medio",[230,232,234],{"t":168,"v":231},"273",{"t":165,"v":233}," ms (dato publicado por la web)",{"t":181,"id":235,"n":236},"human-benchmark",3,[238,241],[239],{"t":165,"v":240},"Salida de una carrera: más rápido que esto cuenta como salida nula",[242,244],{"t":168,"v":243},"0,1",{"t":165,"v":245}," segundo",[247,250],[248],{"t":165,"v":249},"La respuesta muscular más rápida medida en una salida",[251,253,255],{"t":165,"v":252},"menos de ",{"t":168,"v":254},"85",{"t":165,"v":217},[257,260],[258],{"t":165,"v":259},"Tiempo que necesita el cerebro para saber si una foto muestra un animal",[261,262,264],{"t":165,"v":252},{"t":168,"v":263},"150",{"t":165,"v":217},[266,269],[267],{"t":165,"v":268},"Jóvenes que respondían a un sonido fuerte en un móvil: el promedio",[270,272],{"t":168,"v":271},"405",{"t":165,"v":217},{"type":274,"text":275},"paragraph",[276],{"t":165,"v":277},"Las filas no forman una escalera. Cada una se midió con otro equipo y otra tarea, y eso es lo más importante que debes saber cuando compares un número tuyo con cualquiera de ellas.",{"role":193,"section":279},{"heading":280,"blocks":281},"Qué midió el estudio cuidadoso más grande",[282,303,307],{"type":274,"text":283},[284,286,288,290,291,293,295,297,299,301,302],{"t":165,"v":285},"El estudio que está detrás del promedio del primer párrafo se publicó en ",{"t":168,"v":287},"2015",{"t":165,"v":289},". Sus ",{"t":168,"v":169},{"t":165,"v":292}," voluntarios, de ",{"t":168,"v":294},"18",{"t":165,"v":296}," a ",{"t":168,"v":298},"65",{"t":165,"v":300}," años, miraban una pantalla y pulsaban el botón de un ratón para juegos en cuanto aparecía un objetivo a la izquierda o a la derecha del centro. Cada persona hizo muchos intentos de práctica y de prueba, y el estudio guardó el promedio de cada una",{"t":181,"id":182,"n":183},{"t":165,"v":190},{"type":274,"text":304},[305],{"t":165,"v":306},"Eso es el tiempo de reacción simple: una señal, una respuesta, sin elegir. Es el tipo más rápido que existe. En cuanto una tarea te pide elegir (izquierda si es rojo, derecha si es verde), cada respuesta tarda más, porque el cerebro tiene que decidir antes de que la mano se mueva.",{"type":274,"text":308},[309,311,312,313,314],{"t":165,"v":310},"Otra cifra, mucho mayor, viene de una web muy visitada que tiene su propio test de reacción. Da un valor del medio de ",{"t":168,"v":231},{"t":165,"v":233},{"t":181,"id":235,"n":236},{"t":165,"v":315}," sobre millones de clics. Esa cifra cuenta clics y no personas, incluye cualquier tipo de móviles y ordenadores y nadie ajeno a la web la ha revisado, así que la mostramos como publicada por ella y no te comparamos con ella.",{"role":193,"section":317},{"heading":318,"blocks":319},"¿Qué tan rápido puede reaccionar un ser humano?",[320,337,360],{"type":274,"text":321},[322,324,326,328,330,332,333,335,336],{"t":165,"v":323},"El atletismo da la respuesta más clara, porque la necesita: un corredor que sale del taco antes de que un ser humano pudiera haber oído el disparo ha adivinado. Las reglas de World Athletics, en vigor desde el ",{"t":168,"v":325},"1",{"t":165,"v":327}," de julio de ",{"t":168,"v":329},"2026",{"t":165,"v":331},", tratan un tiempo de reacción de menos de ",{"t":168,"v":243},{"t":165,"v":334}," segundo, medido por sensores en los tacos, como una posible salida nula",{"t":181,"id":187,"n":188},{"t":165,"v":190},{"type":274,"text":338},[339,341,343,345,347,349,351,353,354,355,358],{"t":165,"v":340},"¿Es demasiado estricto ese límite? Un estudio con nueve velocistas, publicado en ",{"t":168,"v":342},"2007",{"t":165,"v":344},", puso sensores de fuerza en los tacos de salida y vio que el ",{"t":168,"v":346},"20%",{"t":165,"v":348}," de las salidas de sus dos primeras condiciones fue en menos de ",{"t":168,"v":350},"100",{"t":165,"v":352}," ms. Los músculos mismos empezaron a activarse incluso antes: los autores concluyeron que la parte del cuerpo en una reacción a un sonido puede ser de menos de ",{"t":168,"v":254},{"t":165,"v":217},{"t":181,"id":356,"n":357},"pain-2007",4,{"t":165,"v":359},". Así que el límite humano real está un poco por debajo de una décima de segundo, en atletas entrenados que reaccionan a un sonido que esperan.",{"type":274,"text":361},[362,364,366,368,370,372,373,375,378],{"t":165,"v":363},"Ver tampoco es instantáneo. En un estudio publicado en ",{"t":168,"v":365},"1996",{"t":165,"v":367},", las personas decidían si una fotografía que se mostraba solo ",{"t":168,"v":369},"20",{"t":165,"v":371}," ms contenía un animal. La actividad de su cerebro mostró que la decisión se tomaba antes de ",{"t":168,"v":263},{"t":165,"v":374}," ms desde que aparecía la imagen, antes de que se moviera ninguna mano",{"t":181,"id":376,"n":377},"thorpe-1996",5,{"t":165,"v":379},". Reconocer algo y pulsar un botón por eso son dos pasos, y cada uno se lleva su parte del tiempo.",{"role":193,"section":381},{"heading":382,"blocks":383},"Vista, oído y tacto",[384,402,433],{"type":274,"text":385},[386,388,390,392,393,394,395,397,400],{"t":165,"v":387},"Las personas suelen responder antes a un sonido que a una luz. Un estudio con ",{"t":168,"v":389},"120",{"t":165,"v":391}," estudiantes de medicina de ",{"t":168,"v":294},{"t":165,"v":296},{"t":168,"v":369},{"t":165,"v":396}," años, que pulsaban la barra espaciadora de un portátil ante un pitido y ante un círculo rojo, halló que las respuestas al sonido fueron claramente más rápidas, tanto en mujeres como en hombres",{"t":181,"id":398,"n":399},"jain-2015",6,{"t":165,"v":401},". Un sonido llega al cerebro por un camino más corto que una imagen, que el ojo primero tiene que convertir en señales.",{"type":274,"text":403},[404,406,408,410,411,413,414,415,417,419,420,422,424,426,428,429,432],{"t":165,"v":405},"El tacto también puede ser rápido, y combinar sentidos ayuda más. En un estudio publicado en ",{"t":168,"v":407},"2023",{"t":165,"v":409},", ",{"t":168,"v":369},{"t":165,"v":412}," adultos de ",{"t":168,"v":369},{"t":165,"v":296},{"t":168,"v":416},"29",{"t":165,"v":418}," años sostenían un móvil que pitaba, vibraba o se iluminaba. Un pitido fuerte solo dio las respuestas más rápidas con un solo sentido, con un promedio de ",{"t":168,"v":271},{"t":165,"v":421}," ms, y una luz tenue las más lentas, con ",{"t":168,"v":423},"528",{"t":165,"v":425}," ms. Un pitido fuerte, una vibración y una luz juntos dieron las respuestas más rápidas de todas, ",{"t":168,"v":427},"320",{"t":165,"v":217},{"t":181,"id":430,"n":431},"yoshida-2023",7,{"t":165,"v":190},{"type":274,"text":434},[435],{"t":165,"v":436},"Esas cifras del móvil son mucho más altas que el promedio de laboratorio. No es que los jóvenes fueran lentos: un móvil añade su propio retraso entre el toque y el momento en que la app lo registra, y las personas sostenían el móvil en las manos en vez de apoyar un dedo en un botón.",{"role":193,"section":438},{"heading":439,"blocks":440},"Deportistas y pilotos de carreras",[441,458,473],{"type":274,"text":442},[443,445,447,449,451,453,456],{"t":165,"v":444},"Reaccionar rápido es parte de muchos deportes, y la práctica hace más fácil responder a una señal conocida. Un estudio pequeño, publicado en ",{"t":168,"v":446},"2006",{"t":165,"v":448},", comparó a ocho pilotos de carreras de élite con ",{"t":168,"v":450},"10",{"t":165,"v":452}," personas activas de la misma edad y el mismo peso: los pilotos reaccionaron claramente más rápido, mientras que su equilibrio y su fuerza no eran distintos",{"t":181,"id":454,"n":455},"baur-2006",8,{"t":165,"v":457},". Un grupo tan pequeño no nos dice cuánto más rápidos son los pilotos en general, solo que la diferencia estaba ahí.",{"type":274,"text":459},[460,462,463,465,466,468,471],{"t":165,"v":461},"Las salidas de Fórmula ",{"t":168,"v":325},{"t":165,"v":464}," están hechas para poner a prueba esa habilidad. Según el reglamento deportivo de la FIA, cinco luces rojas se encienden una tras otra con un intervalo de ",{"t":168,"v":325},{"t":165,"v":467}," segundo, y la carrera empieza cuando se apagan todas después de una pausa que elige el responsable de la salida",{"t":181,"id":469,"n":470},"fia-2026",9,{"t":165,"v":472},". Como la pausa cambia cada vez, un piloto no puede aprenderse el ritmo y tiene que reaccionar. No encontramos ningún estudio publicado sobre las reacciones de salida de los pilotos medidas por el sistema de cronometraje, así que no damos ninguno.",{"type":274,"text":474},[475,477,480,482,484,486,487,489,491,493,495],{"t":165,"v":476},"Nuestro ",{"t":478,"v":479,"to":17,"key":16},"link","test de las luces de salida de F1",{"t":165,"v":481}," funciona igual: ",{"t":168,"v":483},"5",{"t":165,"v":485}," luces se encienden con ",{"t":168,"v":325},{"t":165,"v":488}," s entre una y otra, y luego se apagan tras una espera al azar de entre ",{"t":168,"v":490},"0,2",{"t":165,"v":492}," s y ",{"t":168,"v":494},"3",{"t":165,"v":496}," s.",{"role":193,"section":498},{"heading":499,"blocks":500},"Qué significa para tu resultado",[501,532,547,563],{"type":274,"text":502},[503,505,507,509,511,513,515,516,518,520,523,526,528,530],{"t":165,"v":504},"Tu resultado en un navegador incluye más que a ti. La pantalla muestra la señal un instante después de dibujarla, el ratón o la pantalla táctil informa de tu pulsación un instante más tarde, y el navegador anota la hora. Pruebas con robot en dispositivos corrientes hallaron que esa cadena añade de ",{"t":168,"v":506},"44,1",{"t":165,"v":508}," ms a ",{"t":168,"v":510},"115,1",{"t":165,"v":512}," ms más que la de un laboratorio con un teclado, y de ",{"t":168,"v":514},"39,8",{"t":165,"v":508},{"t":168,"v":517},"52",{"t":165,"v":519}," ms con una pantalla táctil",{"t":181,"id":521,"n":522},"pronk-2020",10,{"t":181,"id":524,"n":525},"anwyl-irvine-2021",11,{"t":165,"v":527},". El ",{"t":478,"v":529,"to":13,"key":12},"test de reacción",{"t":165,"v":531}," lo tiene en cuenta y te compara con el estudio como un intervalo.",{"type":533,"items":534},"list",[535,538,541,544],[536],{"t":165,"v":537},"Usa el mismo dispositivo cada vez que hagas el test, para que su retraso sea siempre el mismo.",[539],{"t":165,"v":540},"Apoya un dedo en el botón o en la pantalla antes de la señal, como hacían las personas de los estudios.",[542],{"t":165,"v":543},"Mira el valor del medio de varios intentos, no tu mejor intento suelto.",[545],{"t":165,"v":546},"Espera que el resultado cambie un poco con el cansancio, la hora del día y lo mucho que esperabas la señal.",{"type":274,"text":548},[549,551,553,555,557,559,562],{"t":165,"v":550},"La edad también cuenta. El tiempo de reacción es más rápido en la juventud y se vuelve más lento muy despacio después; una encuesta a ",{"t":168,"v":552},"7130",{"t":165,"v":554}," adultos del Reino Unido halló poca lentitud en la reacción simple hasta cerca de los ",{"t":168,"v":556},"50",{"t":165,"v":558}," años",{"t":181,"id":560,"n":561},"der-2006",12,{"t":165,"v":190},{"type":274,"text":564},[565,567,571,572,576,578,582],{"t":165,"v":566},"Sigue leyendo: ",{"t":478,"v":568,"to":569,"key":570},"cómo cambia el tiempo de reacción desde la infancia hasta la vejez","\u002Fes\u002Fdatos\u002Ftiempo-de-reaccion-por-edad","facts-reaction-time-by-age",{"t":165,"v":409},{"t":478,"v":573,"to":574,"key":575},"qué añaden una pantalla, un ratón y un navegador","\u002Fes\u002Fdatos\u002Finput-lag","facts-input-lag",{"t":165,"v":577}," y ",{"t":478,"v":579,"to":580,"key":581},"cómo se mide el tiempo de reacción","\u002Fes\u002Fdatos\u002Fmedicion-del-tiempo-de-reaccion","facts-reaction-time-measured",{"t":165,"v":190},[584,587,590,595],{"key":12,"path":13,"title":585,"description":586},"Test de reacción","Test de reacción gratis: toca o haz clic en cuanto la pantalla se ponga verde. Tu tiempo del medio, junto a un estudio publicado con adultos. Sin registro.",{"key":570,"path":569,"title":588,"description":589},"Tiempo de reacción por edad","El tiempo de reacción por edad: qué tan rápido reaccionan niños, jóvenes y mayores en estudios publicados, y cuánto se vuelve más lento cada año.",{"key":591,"path":592,"title":593,"description":594},"norms-reaction-time","\u002Fes\u002Ftiempo-de-reaccion-promedio","Tiempo de reacción promedio","El tiempo de reacción promedio de adultos en un estudio publicado, cuánto se separan las personas y cuánto retraso añaden tus dispositivos.",{"key":19,"path":20,"title":596,"description":597},"Test de reacción auditiva","Test de reacción auditiva gratis: activa el sonido, espera el pitido y toca en cuanto lo oigas. Se tiene en cuenta el retraso del sonido de tu aparato.",[599,603,605],{"key":600,"path":601,"name":602},"home","\u002Fes","¿Qué quieres poner a prueba hoy? Elige tu test de habilidades online",{"key":144,"path":145,"name":604},"Datos",{"key":156,"path":606,"name":161},"\u002Fes\u002Fdatos\u002Ftiempo-de-reaccion-humano",[608,621,631,641,652,662,673,684,696,704,716,728],{"n":183,"id":182,"kind":609,"authors":610,"year":611,"title":612,"venue":613,"doi":614,"url":615,"participants":169,"population":616,"notes":617},"sample","Woods, D. L., Wyma, J. M., Yund, E. W., Herron, T. J., & Reed, B.",2015,"Factors influencing the latency of simple reaction time","Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 131","10.3389\u002Ffnhum.2015.00131","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fhuman-neuroscience\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffnhum.2015.00131\u002Ffull","Community volunteers in Rotorua, New Zealand, aged 18 to 65 (mean age 45.8, 40% men)",[618],{"date":619,"url":615,"quote":620},"2026-10-01","Abstract: \"Experiment 1 examined a community sample of 1469 subjects ranging in age from 18 to 65. Mean SRT latencies were short (231, 213 ms when corrected for hardware delays) and increased significantly with age (0.55 ms\u002Fyear)\". Table 2, column Experiment 1: \"N 1469\", \"SRT 230.8\", \"SRT SD 26.8\".",{"n":188,"id":187,"kind":622,"authors":623,"year":624,"title":625,"venue":626,"url":627,"notes":628},"source","World Athletics",2026,"Book C, C2.1 Technical Rules, Rule 16 (The start), version in force from 1 July 2026","World Athletics Book of Rules","https:\u002F\u002Fworldathletics.org\u002Fabout-iaaf\u002Fdocuments\u002Fbook-of-rules",[629],{"date":159,"url":627,"quote":630},"C2.1 Technical Rules (document \"C1.1 & C2.1 - Competition Rules & Technical Rules\", dated 01 JUL 2026): \"When a World Athletics certified Start Information System is in use, the Starter and\u002For an assigned Recaller shall wear headphones in order to clearly hear the acoustic signal emitted when the System indicates a possible false start (i.e. when the reaction time is less than 0.100 second).\"",{"n":236,"id":235,"kind":609,"authors":632,"year":624,"title":633,"venue":634,"url":635,"participants":636,"population":637,"notes":638},"Human Benchmark","Reaction Time Statistics","humanbenchmark.com","https:\u002F\u002Fhumanbenchmark.com\u002Ftests\u002Freactiontime\u002Fstatistics","81.000.000","Reaction-time clicks by visitors to the site: attempts, not people",[639],{"date":619,"url":635,"quote":640},"\"Since this site was created, it's recorded over 81 million reaction time clicks. The median reaction time is 273 milliseconds. The average reaction time is 284 milliseconds.\"",{"n":357,"id":356,"kind":622,"authors":642,"year":643,"title":644,"venue":645,"doi":646,"url":647,"population":648,"notes":649},"Pain, M. T. G., & Hibbs, A.",2007,"Sprint starts and the minimum auditory reaction time","Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(1), 79–86","10.1080\u002F02640410600718004","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F17127583\u002F","Nine sprinters starting from instrumented blocks",[650],{"date":159,"url":647,"quote":651},"Abstract: \"The simple auditory reaction time is one of the fastest reaction times and is thought to be rarely less than 100 ms.\" \"Reaction time in nine athletes performing sprint starts in four conditions was measured using starting blocks instrumented with piezoelectric force transducers\" \"Five of the athletes had mean reaction times of less than 100 ms in at least one condition and 20% of all starts in the first two conditions had a reaction time of less than 100 ms. The results demonstrate that the neuromuscular-physiological component of simple auditory reaction times can be under 85 ms and that EMG latencies can be under 60 ms.\"",{"n":377,"id":376,"kind":622,"authors":653,"year":654,"title":655,"venue":656,"doi":657,"url":658,"notes":659},"Thorpe, S., Fize, D., & Marlot, C.",1996,"Speed of processing in the human visual system","Nature, 381(6582), 520–522","10.1038\u002F381520a0","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F8632824\u002F",[660],{"date":159,"url":658,"quote":661},"Abstract: \"Here we use a go\u002Fno-go categorization task in which subjects have to decide whether a previously unseen photograph, flashed on for just 20 ms, contains an animal. ERP analysis revealed a frontal negativity specific to no-go trials that develops roughly 150 ms after stimulus onset. We conclude that the visual processing needed to perform this highly demanding task can be achieved in under 150 ms.\"",{"n":399,"id":398,"kind":622,"authors":663,"year":611,"title":664,"venue":665,"doi":666,"url":667,"participants":389,"population":668,"notes":669},"Jain, A., Bansal, R., Kumar, A., & Singh, K. D.","A comparative study of visual and auditory reaction times on the basis of gender and physical activity levels of medical first year students","International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research, 5(2), 124–127","10.4103\u002F2229-516X.157168","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC4456887\u002F","Medical students aged 18 to 20 in Patiala, India",[670],{"date":159,"url":671,"quote":672},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F26097821\u002F","Abstract: \"The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 healthy medical students in age group of 18-20 years. RT for target stimulus that is, for the beep tone for measuring ART, and red circle for measuring VRT was determined using Inquisit 4.0 (Computer Software) in the laptop. The task was to press the spacebar as soon as the stimulus is presented. Five readings of each stimulus were taken, and their respective fastest RT's for each stimuli were recorded.\" \"In both the sexes' RT to the auditory stimulus was significantly less (P \u003C 0.001) as compared to the visual stimulus.\"",{"n":431,"id":430,"kind":622,"authors":674,"year":675,"title":676,"venue":677,"url":678,"participants":369,"population":679,"notes":680},"Yoshida, K. T., Kiernan, J. X., Okamura, A. M., & Nunez, C. M.",2023,"Exploring human response times to combinations of audio, haptic, and visual stimuli from a mobile device","IEEE World Haptics Conference 2023 (arXiv:2305.17180)","https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fabs\u002F2305.17180","Adults aged 20 to 29 holding an iPhone 11",[681],{"date":159,"url":682,"quote":683},"https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fpdf\u002F2305.17180","\"Our user study included 20 participants (13 female, 6 male, 1 non-binary; aged 20-29).\" \"Participants had the shortest response time for the high audio stimulus (405 ± 50 ms) and longest response time for the low visual stimulus (528 ± 105 ms).\" \"The mean response time is the fastest in the condition with high levels of all three stimuli (mean ± standard deviation, 320 ± 43 ms)\" \"The fastest mean response time recorded for a particular subject was 250 ms, and the slowest was 819 ms.\" \"The overall mean response time across all conditions was (380 ± 52 ms).\"",{"n":455,"id":454,"kind":622,"authors":685,"year":686,"title":687,"venue":688,"doi":689,"url":690,"population":691,"notes":692},"Baur, H., Müller, S., Hirschmüller, A., Huber, G., & Mayer, F.",2006,"Reactivity, stability, and strength performance capacity in motor sports","British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40, 906–910","10.1136\u002Fbjsm.2006.025783","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC2465029\u002F","Eight élite racing drivers and ten physically active people of the same age and weight",[693],{"date":159,"url":694,"quote":695},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002Fsearch?query=PMCID:PMC2465029&format=json&resultType=core","Abstract: \"Eight élite racing drivers and 10 physically active controls matched for age and weight were tested in reaction and determination tests.\" \"Racing drivers demonstrated significantly faster reaction times than controls (p = 0.004). However, no significant differences were found for postural stability, leg extensor strength, or arm strength and endurance.\"",{"n":470,"id":469,"kind":622,"authors":697,"year":624,"title":698,"venue":699,"url":700,"notes":701},"Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA)","2026 Formula 1 Regulations, Section B: Sporting, Issue 07, Article B5.7.2","FIA, 25 June 2026","https:\u002F\u002Fapi.fia.com\u002Fsystem\u002Ffiles\u002Fdocuments\u002Ffia_2026_f1_regulations_-_section_b_sporting_-_iss_07_-_2026-06-25.pdf",[702],{"date":159,"url":700,"quote":703},"Article B5.7.2: \"There will be a standing start, the signal to start the TTCS being given by means of five red lights on the start gantry\" \"The time interval between the illumination of each of the five red lights in the sequence described above shall be one (1) second.\" \"The time interval between the illumination of the fifth light and all lights being extinguished, to signal the start of the TTCS, is at the sole discretion of the permanent starter.\"",{"n":522,"id":521,"kind":622,"authors":705,"year":706,"title":707,"venue":708,"doi":709,"url":710,"population":711,"notes":712},"Pronk, T., Wiers, R. W., Molenkamp, B., & Murre, J.",2020,"Mental chronometry in the pocket? Timing accuracy of web applications on touchscreen and keyboard devices","Behavior Research Methods, 52(3), 1371–1382","10.3758\u002Fs13428-019-01321-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC7280355\u002F","Four devices from 2015 and 2016: a MacBook Pro, an ASUS laptop, a Samsung Galaxy S7 and an iPhone 6S, pressed by a robot",[713],{"date":159,"url":714,"quote":715},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC7280355\u002FfullTextXML","Abstract: \"In controlled circumstances, as can be realized in a lab setting, very accurate stimulus timing and moderately accurate RT measurements could be achieved on both touchscreen and keyboard devices, though RTs were consistently overestimated.\" Table 4 \"Descriptives of RT overestimations (in milliseconds) per device and browser\" (OS, Web Browser, Minimum, Maximum, Mean, SD): \"Android Chrome 46.0 103.5 69.8 7.4\", \"iOS Safari 48.3 96.3 57.6 6.5\", \"MacOS Safari 93.0 163.7 132.9 8.1\", \"Windows Chrome 64.7 70.6 68.5 1.7\", \"Windows Firefox 49.8 84.9 61.9 5.7\".",{"n":525,"id":524,"kind":622,"authors":717,"year":718,"title":719,"venue":720,"doi":721,"url":722,"population":723,"notes":724},"Anwyl-Irvine, A., Dalmaijer, E. S., Hodges, N., & Evershed, J. K.",2021,"Realistic precision and accuracy of online experiment platforms, web browsers, and devices","Behavior Research Methods, 53(4), 1407–1425","10.3758\u002Fs13428-020-01501-5","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC8367876\u002F","Desktop and laptop computers with Windows 10 and macOS, pressed by a robot; and the equipment of 202,600 online participants",[725],{"date":159,"url":726,"quote":727},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC8367876\u002FfullTextXML","Abstract: \"We then employed a robot actuator in realistic set-ups to measure response recording across the aforementioned platforms, and between different keyboard types (desktop and integrated laptop).\" \"We found that modern web platforms provide reasonable accuracy and precision for display duration and manual response time\". Table 2 \"RT delay is calculated as the difference between known and recorded RT.\" Browser means: \"Chrome 78.81\", \"Edge 80.10\", \"Firefox 82.30\", \"Safari 76.50\"; device means: \"macOS-Desktop 85.35\", \"Windows-Desktop 76.24\", \"Windows-Laptop 73.65\". Results: \"We found that 77% of these devices were desktop or laptop computers, whereas only 20% were mobile devices\" \"Based on a sample of 202,600 participants.\"",{"n":561,"id":560,"kind":622,"authors":729,"year":686,"title":730,"venue":731,"doi":732,"url":733,"participants":552,"population":734,"notes":735},"Der, G., & Deary, I. J.","Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood: Results from the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey","Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 62–73","10.1037\u002F0882-7974.21.1.62","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16594792\u002F","Adults in the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey",[736],{"date":159,"url":733,"quote":737},"Abstract: \"The authors reanalyzed data for 7,130 adult participants in the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey\" \"The authors modeled the age differences in simple and 4-choice reaction time means and variabilities\" \"Simple RT shows little slowing until around 50, whereas choice RT slows throughout the adult age range.\"",{"heading":739,"items":740},"Preguntas",[741,751,761,771],{"q":742,"a":743},"¿Es un quinto de segundo un buen tiempo de reacción?",[744],{"type":274,"text":745},[746,748,749],{"t":165,"v":747},"Sí, para una reacción simple medida en un ordenador. Los adultos del gran estudio tuvieron un promedio de ",{"t":168,"v":173},{"t":165,"v":750}," ms, así que un quinto de segundo es más rápido que su promedio. En un móvil la misma persona suele medir más lento, porque el móvil añade un retraso propio.",{"q":752,"a":753},"¿Puede alguien reaccionar más rápido que una décima de segundo?",[754],{"type":274,"text":755},[756,758,759],{"t":165,"v":757},"Apenas, y solo en condiciones ideales. Los velocistas entrenados que esperan el disparo a veces activan sus músculos un poco por debajo de ",{"t":168,"v":350},{"t":165,"v":760}," ms tras el sonido. Una reacción a algo que ves, o medida con un ratón y una pantalla, es más lenta que eso.",{"q":762,"a":763},"¿Por qué mi tiempo de reacción es más lento en el móvil?",[764],{"type":274,"text":765},[766,768,769],{"t":165,"v":767},"Una pantalla táctil necesita tiempo para notar y comunicar un toque, y los móviles se diferencian mucho. En un estudio con móviles, los jóvenes tardaron en promedio ",{"t":168,"v":271},{"t":165,"v":770}," ms en responder a un pitido fuerte, muy por encima del promedio de laboratorio para una luz. Compara los resultados de tu móvil entre sí, no con los de un ordenador.",{"q":772,"a":773},"¿Son los pilotos de carreras más rápidos que los demás?",[774],{"type":274,"text":775},[776],{"t":165,"v":777},"En un estudio pequeño, ocho pilotos de élite reaccionaron claramente más rápido que personas activas de su edad. El estudio era demasiado pequeño para decir cuánto más rápidos son los pilotos en general.","Sigue leyendo",{"label":780,"to":13,"key":12},"Haz el test de reacción","Fuentes",[783,799,821,831,857,875],{"section":6,"hub":9,"cards":784},[785,788,792,795],{"key":12,"test":12,"path":13,"title":585,"line":786,"minutes":183,"devices":787},"Descubre lo rápido que reaccionas cuando la pantalla se pone verde.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":16,"test":16,"path":17,"title":789,"line":790,"minutes":183,"devices":791},"Test de reacción F1","Descubre lo rápido que sales cuando se apagan cinco luces rojas.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":19,"test":19,"path":20,"title":596,"line":793,"minutes":183,"devices":794},"Descubre lo rápido que reaccionas a un pitido.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":23,"test":23,"path":24,"title":796,"line":797,"minutes":183,"devices":798},"Aim trainer: test de puntería","Descubre lo rápido y lo bien que aciertas en los objetivos.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"section":26,"hub":29,"cards":800},[801,805,809,813,817],{"key":32,"test":32,"path":33,"title":802,"line":803,"minutes":183,"devices":804},"Test CPS","Descubre cuántos clics por segundo puedes hacer.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":35,"test":35,"path":36,"title":806,"line":807,"minutes":183,"devices":808},"Contador de barra espaciadora","Descubre lo rápido que puedes pulsar la barra espaciadora.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":38,"test":38,"path":39,"title":810,"line":811,"minutes":183,"devices":812},"Contador de clicks","Lleva la cuenta de lo que quieras con un botón grande.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":41,"test":41,"path":42,"title":814,"line":815,"minutes":183,"devices":816},"Contador de bpm","Toca al ritmo de una canción y descubre lo rápida que es.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":44,"test":44,"path":45,"title":818,"line":819,"minutes":183,"devices":820},"Test APM","Descubre cuántas acciones por minuto haces con teclado y ratón.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"section":47,"hub":50,"cards":822},[823,827],{"key":53,"test":53,"path":54,"title":824,"line":825,"minutes":183,"devices":826},"Test de mecanografía","Descubre lo rápido y lo bien que escribes.",{"mouse":21,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":56,"test":56,"path":57,"title":828,"line":829,"minutes":236,"devices":830},"Test de velocidad de lectura","Descubre lo rápido que lees entendiendo el texto.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":59,"hub":62,"cards":832},[833,837,841,845,849,853],{"key":65,"test":65,"path":66,"title":834,"line":835,"minutes":236,"devices":836},"Test de memoria numérica","Descubre cuántos dígitos puedes retener en la mente.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":68,"test":68,"path":69,"title":838,"line":839,"minutes":236,"devices":840},"Test de memoria visual","Descubre cuántos cuadrados recuerdas en una cuadrícula que crece.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":71,"test":71,"path":72,"title":842,"line":843,"minutes":236,"devices":844},"Test de memoria secuencial","Descubre qué tan larga es la secuencia de cuadrados iluminados que puedes repetir.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":74,"test":74,"path":75,"title":846,"line":847,"minutes":236,"devices":848},"Test de memoria verbal","Descubre cuántas palabras distingues entre vistas y nuevas.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":77,"test":77,"path":78,"title":850,"line":851,"minutes":236,"devices":852},"Test del chimpancé","Descubre cuántos números recuerdas después de que desaparecen.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":80,"test":80,"path":81,"title":854,"line":855,"minutes":236,"devices":856},"Test de atención","Descubre lo bien que ignoras una palabra mientras dices su color.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":83,"hub":86,"cards":858},[859,863,867,871],{"key":89,"test":89,"path":90,"title":860,"line":861,"minutes":183,"devices":862},"Test de teclado","Pulsa tus teclas y mira cuáles funcionan.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":92,"test":92,"path":93,"title":864,"line":865,"minutes":183,"devices":866},"Test de mouse","Revisa cada botón y la rueda de tu ratón.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":95,"test":95,"path":96,"title":868,"line":869,"minutes":183,"devices":870},"Test de polling rate","Descubre cada cuánto informa tu ratón de dónde está.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":98,"test":98,"path":99,"title":872,"line":873,"minutes":183,"devices":874},"Test de Hz monitor","Descubre cuántas imágenes por segundo muestra tu pantalla.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":101,"hub":104,"cards":876},[877,882,886,890,894,898,902,906],{"key":107,"test":107,"path":108,"title":878,"line":879,"minutes":880,"devices":881},"Test Big Five","Una mirada larga y cuidadosa a cinco rasgos amplios, con más detalle para cada uno.",20,{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":110,"test":110,"path":111,"title":883,"line":884,"minutes":455,"devices":885},"Test de personalidad","Cincuenta frases cortas sobre cómo sueles ser, para cinco rasgos amplios.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":113,"test":113,"path":114,"title":887,"line":888,"minutes":188,"devices":889},"Test de personalidad rápido","Diez frases cortas: un boceto rápido de cinco rasgos amplios.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":116,"test":116,"path":117,"title":891,"line":892,"minutes":880,"devices":893},"Test 16 tipos de personalidad","Mira tus respuestas del Big Five como cuatro diales y un código de cuatro letras.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":119,"test":119,"path":120,"title":895,"line":896,"minutes":455,"devices":897},"Test vocacional","Descubre qué tipos de actividad te atraen más.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":122,"test":122,"path":123,"title":899,"line":900,"minutes":377,"devices":901},"Test tríada oscura","Un cuestionario corto sobre cuatro lados menos agradables de la personalidad.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":125,"test":125,"path":126,"title":903,"line":904,"minutes":522,"devices":905},"Test de valores políticos","Descubre dónde te sitúas en cuatro escalas de valores.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":128,"test":128,"path":129,"title":907,"line":908,"minutes":188,"devices":909},"Test de autoestima","Un cuestionario corto sobre cómo te ves a ti mismo.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},1791315178670]