[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":794},["ShallowReactive",2],{"nav:de":3,"content:de:facts-reaction-time-measured":155,"cards:de:all":665},{"sections":4,"sheet":130,"site":133},[5,25,46,58,82,100],{"section":6,"hub":7,"tests":10},"reaction",{"key":8,"path":9},"hub-reaction","\u002Fde\u002Freaktionstests",[11,15,18,22],{"key":12,"path":13,"featured":14},"reaction-time","\u002Fde\u002Freaktionstest",true,{"key":16,"path":17,"featured":14},"f1-reaction","\u002Fde\u002Ff1-reaktionstest",{"key":19,"path":20,"featured":21},"sound-reaction","\u002Fde\u002Fakustischer-reaktionstest",false,{"key":23,"path":24,"featured":14},"aim-trainer","\u002Fde\u002Faim-trainer",{"section":26,"hub":27,"tests":30},"click",{"key":28,"path":29},"hub-click","\u002Fde\u002Fklicktests",[31,34,37,40,43],{"key":32,"path":33,"featured":14},"cps-test","\u002Fde\u002Fklicktest",{"key":35,"path":36,"featured":14},"spacebar-clicker","\u002Fde\u002Fleertaste-test",{"key":38,"path":39,"featured":14},"click-counter","\u002Fde\u002Fklickzaehler",{"key":41,"path":42,"featured":21},"tap-bpm","\u002Fde\u002Fbpm-zaehler",{"key":44,"path":45,"featured":21},"apm-test","\u002Fde\u002Fapm-test",{"section":47,"hub":48,"tests":51},"typing",{"key":49,"path":50},"hub-typing","\u002Fde\u002Ftippgeschwindigkeit-testen",[52,55],{"key":53,"path":54,"featured":14},"typing-test","\u002Fde\u002Ftipptest",{"key":56,"path":57,"featured":14},"reading-speed","\u002Fde\u002Flesegeschwindigkeit-test",{"section":59,"hub":60,"tests":63},"memory",{"key":61,"path":62},"hub-memory","\u002Fde\u002Fgedaechtnistest",[64,67,70,73,76,79],{"key":65,"path":66,"featured":21},"number-memory","\u002Fde\u002Fzahlengedaechtnis-test",{"key":68,"path":69,"featured":14},"visual-memory","\u002Fde\u002Fvisuelles-gedaechtnis-test",{"key":71,"path":72,"featured":21},"sequence-memory","\u002Fde\u002Fsequenz-gedaechtnis-testen",{"key":74,"path":75,"featured":21},"verbal-memory","\u002Fde\u002Fwortgedaechtnis-testen",{"key":77,"path":78,"featured":14},"chimp-test","\u002Fde\u002Fschimpansen-test",{"key":80,"path":81,"featured":14},"stroop-test","\u002Fde\u002Fkonzentrationstest",{"section":83,"hub":84,"tests":87},"hardware",{"key":85,"path":86},"hub-hardware","\u002Fde\u002Fhardware-tests",[88,91,94,97],{"key":89,"path":90,"featured":14},"keyboard-test","\u002Fde\u002Ftastatur-test",{"key":92,"path":93,"featured":14},"mouse-test","\u002Fde\u002Fmaus-tester",{"key":95,"path":96,"featured":21},"polling-rate","\u002Fde\u002Fpolling-rate-test",{"key":98,"path":99,"featured":14},"refresh-rate","\u002Fde\u002Fmonitor-hz-test",{"section":101,"hub":102,"tests":105},"personality",{"key":103,"path":104},"hub-personality","\u002Fde\u002Fpersoenlichkeitstests",[106,109,112,115,118,121,124,127],{"key":107,"path":108,"featured":14},"big-five","\u002Fde\u002Fbig-five-test",{"key":110,"path":111,"featured":14},"personality-test","\u002Fde\u002Fpersoenlichkeitstest",{"key":113,"path":114,"featured":21},"quick-personality","\u002Fde\u002Fkurzer-persoenlichkeitstest",{"key":116,"path":117,"featured":21},"personality-types","\u002Fde\u002F16-persoenlichkeitstypen-test",{"key":119,"path":120,"featured":14},"career-interests","\u002Fde\u002Fberufstest",{"key":122,"path":123,"featured":21},"dark-triad","\u002Fde\u002Fdunkle-triade-test",{"key":125,"path":126,"featured":21},"political-values","\u002Fde\u002Fpolitik-test",{"key":128,"path":129,"featured":21},"self-esteem","\u002Fde\u002Fselbstwert-test",{"key":131,"path":132},"spec-sheet","\u002Fde\u002Fdatenblatt",[134,137,140,143,146,149,152],{"key":135,"path":136},"about","\u002Fde\u002Fueber-uns",{"key":138,"path":139},"methodology","\u002Fde\u002Fmethodik",{"key":141,"path":142},"instruments","\u002Fde\u002Fpersoenlichkeitsfragebogen",{"key":144,"path":145},"facts","\u002Fde\u002Ffakten",{"key":147,"path":148},"privacy","\u002Fde\u002Fdatenschutz",{"key":150,"path":151},"terms","\u002Fde\u002Fnutzungsbedingungen",{"key":153,"path":154},"contact","\u002Fde\u002Fkontakt",{"key":156,"kind":157,"locale":158,"contentUpdated":159,"published":159,"review":160,"title":161,"description":162,"h1":163,"intro":164,"sections":183,"related":476,"crumbs":490,"citations":499,"faq":613,"relatedHeading":661,"cta":662,"sourcesHeading":664},"facts-reaction-time-measured","article","de","2026-10-06","ai-raw","Reaktionszeit messen: Labor, Sprint und Browser","Reaktionszeit messen: im Labor, beim Sprintstart und im Browser. Was jede Messung stoppt, wie genau sie ist und warum die Zahlen verschieden ausfallen.","Reaktionszeit messen: Wie macht man das genau?",[165,168,171,173,175,177,181],{"t":166,"v":167},"text","Reaktionszeit messen geht so: Ein Signal erscheint zu einem bekannten Zeitpunkt, die Person antwortet so schnell sie kann, und die Zeit dazwischen ist die Reaktionszeit. Alles andere dreht sich darum, das genau zu tun: genau zu wissen, wann das Signal wirklich erschien, den allerersten Beginn der Antwort zu erwischen und das oft genug zu wiederholen, um einen fairen mittleren Wert zu bekommen. Ein geeichter Laboraufbau maß bei Erwachsenen, die eine Maustaste drückten, im Schnitt ",{"t":169,"v":170},"num","230,8",{"t":166,"v":172}," ms, und ",{"t":169,"v":174},"213",{"t":166,"v":176}," ms, nachdem die eigene Verzögerung der Geräte herausgerechnet war",{"t":178,"id":179,"n":180},"cite","woods-2015",1,{"t":166,"v":182},".",[184,209,248,311,344,397],{"role":185,"section":186},"section",{"heading":187,"blocks":188},"Die Teile einer Messung",[189,204],{"type":190,"items":191},"steps",[192,195,198,201],[193],{"t":166,"v":194},"Eine Wartezeit mit unvorhersehbarer Länge, damit die Person den Rhythmus nicht lernen und zu früh drücken kann.",[196],{"t":166,"v":197},"Das Signal: ein Licht, ein Bild, ein Ton oder eine Vibration, deren wirklicher Zeitpunkt bekannt sein muss.",[199],{"t":166,"v":200},"Die Antwort: ein Tastendruck, eine Taste, eine Berührung oder ein Druck gegen einen Sensor, deren wirklicher Zeitpunkt ebenfalls bekannt sein muss.",[202],{"t":166,"v":203},"Wiederholung: viele Versuche, wobei zu frühe und sehr späte Antworten beiseitegelegt werden und aus dem Rest ein typischer Wert gebildet wird.",{"type":205,"text":206},"paragraph",[207],{"t":166,"v":208},"Jeder Schritt kann auf seine Weise schiefgehen. Eine feste Wartezeit verleitet zum Raten. Ein Bildschirm, der das Signal spät zeigt, oder eine Taste, die den Druck spät meldet, fügt Zeit hinzu, die nicht der Person gehört. Und ein einzelner Versuch sagt wenig, denn niemand reagiert zweimal gleich schnell.",{"role":185,"section":210},{"heading":211,"blocks":212},"Welche Reaktionszeit?",[213,231],{"type":205,"text":214},[215,217,219,221,224,226,229],{"t":166,"v":216},"Forscher messen mehrere Arten, und die Art bestimmt die Zahl. Eine einfache Reaktion hat ein Signal und eine Antwort und ist die schnellste. Eine Wahlreaktion gibt mehrere Signale mit je einer Antwort, zum Beispiel die Aufgabe mit ",{"t":169,"v":218},"4",{"t":166,"v":220}," Wahlmöglichkeiten in einer großen britischen Befragung",{"t":178,"id":222,"n":223},"der-2006",2,{"t":166,"v":225},". Eine Go\u002FNo-Go-Reaktion verlangt, bei einem Signal zu drücken und bei einem anderen stillzuhalten. In einer langen Studie in Baltimore wurde sie mit dem Alter etwa dreimal so schnell langsamer wie eine einfache",{"t":178,"id":227,"n":228},"fozard-1994",3,{"t":166,"v":230},". Ein Test mit Farbwörtern wie der Stroop-Test ist eine Wahlreaktion mit eingebautem Widerspruch.",{"type":205,"text":232},[233,235,238,240,242,244,246],{"t":166,"v":234},"Zu einer Zahl für die Reaktionszeit gehört also immer die Aufgabe. Unser ",{"t":236,"v":237,"to":13,"key":12},"link","Reaktionstest",{"t":166,"v":239}," misst eine einfache Reaktion auf ein Licht, der ",{"t":236,"v":241,"to":20,"key":19},"akustische Reaktionstest",{"t":166,"v":243}," eine einfache Reaktion auf einen Piepton und der ",{"t":236,"v":245,"to":81,"key":80},"Stroop-Test",{"t":166,"v":247}," eine Wahl mit Widerspruch.",{"role":185,"section":249},{"heading":250,"blocks":251},"Im Labor",[252,263,283,299],{"type":205,"text":253},[254,256,258,260,261],{"t":166,"v":255},"Die ersten Messungen der Reaktionszeit machte im neunzehnten Jahrhundert Francis Galton. Er hielt bei jungen Menschen einfache Reaktionen auf etwas Sichtbares unter ",{"t":169,"v":257},"190",{"t":166,"v":259}," ms fest",{"t":178,"id":179,"n":180},{"t":166,"v":262},". Moderne Labore nutzen Computer, aber sie prüfen sie: Sie messen die Verzögerung des eigenen Bildschirms und der eigenen Taste und rechnen sie ein.",{"type":205,"text":264},[265,267,269,271,272,274,275,277,279,281,282],{"t":166,"v":266},"Die große Studie, mit der unser Test dich vergleicht, tat genau das. Ihre ",{"t":169,"v":268},"1.469",{"t":166,"v":270}," Freiwilligen sahen ein Ziel und drückten eine Maustaste. Der Rohdurchschnitt war ",{"t":169,"v":170},{"t":166,"v":273}," ms. Mit der gemessenen Verzögerung der Geräte herausgerechnet waren es ",{"t":169,"v":174},{"t":166,"v":276}," ms. Die Autoren maßen außerdem, wie lange jede Person brauchte, um überhaupt eine Fingerbewegung zu beginnen, und konnten so die Zeit schätzen, die man braucht, um das Ziel zu bemerken: etwa ",{"t":169,"v":278},"131",{"t":166,"v":280}," ms",{"t":178,"id":179,"n":180},{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":284},[285,287,289,291,293,295,298],{"t":166,"v":286},"Auch Laborsoftware ist sehr genau. Ein Vergleich von Experimentsoftware, der über mehr als ",{"t":169,"v":288},"110.000",{"t":166,"v":290}," Durchgänge mit einem Messkasten lief, fand, dass die besten Laborprogramme Reize und Antworten mit einer Genauigkeit unter ",{"t":169,"v":292},"1",{"t":166,"v":294}," ms zeitlich erfassten",{"t":178,"id":296,"n":297},"bridges-2020",4,{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":300},[301,303,305,307,310],{"t":166,"v":302},"Manche Labore gehen weiter und zeichnen Gehirn oder Muskeln auf. In einer Studie zeigten Aufzeichnungen des Gehirns, dass Menschen innerhalb von ",{"t":169,"v":304},"150",{"t":166,"v":306}," ms entschieden, ob ein aufgeblitztes Foto ein Tier enthielt, noch bevor eine Taste gedrückt wurde",{"t":178,"id":308,"n":309},"thorpe-1996",5,{"t":166,"v":182},{"role":185,"section":312},{"heading":313,"blocks":314},"Beim Sprintstart",[315,327],{"type":205,"text":316},[317,319,321,323,326],{"t":166,"v":318},"Die Leichtathletik misst die Reaktionszeit aus einem praktischen Grund: um Fehlstarts zu erkennen. Sensoren in den Startblöcken zeichnen den Druck der Füße jedes Läufers im Verhältnis zum Zeitpunkt des Schusses auf. Nach den Regeln von World Athletics gilt eine Reaktion von weniger als ",{"t":169,"v":320},"0,1",{"t":166,"v":322}," Sekunden, gemessen von einem solchen zertifizierten System, als möglicher Fehlstart",{"t":178,"id":324,"n":325},"world-athletics-2026",6,{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":328},[329,331,333,335,337,339,342],{"t":166,"v":330},"Forscher haben dieselbe Art von Geräten genauer genutzt, mit Kraftsensoren in jeder Fußplatte, die mit dem Startsignal abgeglichen waren, und mit Aufzeichnungen der Beinmuskeln. Sie fanden, dass die Muskeln trainierter Sprinter in unter ",{"t":169,"v":332},"85",{"t":166,"v":334}," ms auf den Ton antworten konnten und die ersten Muskelsignale in unter ",{"t":169,"v":336},"60",{"t":166,"v":338}," ms kamen",{"t":178,"id":340,"n":341},"pain-2007",7,{"t":166,"v":343},". Ein Tastendruck lässt sich viel schwerer zeitlich erfassen als ein Muskelsignal.",{"role":185,"section":345},{"heading":346,"blocks":347},"Im Browser oder am Handy",[348,375,385],{"type":205,"text":349},[350,352,354,356,358,360,363,365,367,368,370,371,374],{"t":166,"v":351},"Eine Webseite kann den Bildschirm und die Maus vor dir nicht eichen. Sie kann nur messen, was sie sieht: wann sie das Signal zeichnen ließ und wann ihr dein Druck gemeldet wurde. Zwei Studien maßen mit einem Roboter, der Tasten und Touchscreens drückte, wie weit das von der Wirklichkeit entfernt ist. Auf gewöhnlichen Laptops und Handys zeichneten Browser jede Reaktion als langsamer auf, als sie war, im Schnitt um ",{"t":169,"v":353},"57,6",{"t":166,"v":355}," ms bis ",{"t":169,"v":357},"132,9",{"t":166,"v":359}," ms, je nach Gerät und Browser",{"t":178,"id":361,"n":362},"pronk-2020",8,{"t":166,"v":364},". Bei Desktop-Computern und Laptops fand die zweite Studie ",{"t":169,"v":366},"76,5",{"t":166,"v":355},{"t":169,"v":369},"82,3",{"t":166,"v":280},{"t":178,"id":372,"n":373},"anwyl-irvine-2021",9,{"t":166,"v":182},{"type":205,"text":376},[377,379,381,382,383],{"t":166,"v":378},"Die gute Nachricht: Die Verzögerung eines Geräts ist ziemlich stabil. Der Großteil der Software im großen Vergleich erfasste Antworten im Browser mit einer Genauigkeit unter ",{"t":169,"v":380},"10",{"t":166,"v":280},{"t":178,"id":296,"n":297},{"t":166,"v":384},". Unterschiede zwischen deinen eigenen Durchgängen auf einem Gerät sind deshalb aussagekräftig, auch wenn die absolute Zahl hoch ausfällt.",{"type":205,"text":386},[387,389,391,393,396],{"t":166,"v":388},"Handys fügen am meisten hinzu. In einer Studie, in der junge Erwachsene am Handy auf Pieptöne, Vibrationen und Lichter antworteten, brauchte selbst das schnellste einzelne Signal, ein lauter Piepton, im Schnitt ",{"t":169,"v":390},"405",{"t":166,"v":392}," ms, weit über den Laborzahlen für ein Licht",{"t":178,"id":394,"n":395},"yoshida-2023",10,{"t":166,"v":182},{"role":185,"section":398},{"heading":399,"blocks":400},"Wie unser Reaktionstest misst",[401,443,461],{"type":402,"items":403},"list",[404,415,418,429,440],[405,407,409,411,413],{"t":166,"v":406},"Der Bildschirm wird nach einer zufälligen Wartezeit zwischen ",{"t":169,"v":408},"1,5",{"t":166,"v":410}," Sek. und ",{"t":169,"v":412},"4,5",{"t":166,"v":414}," Sek. grün, damit du den Moment nicht lernen kannst.",[416],{"t":166,"v":417},"Der Moment von Grün wird aus dem nächsten Bild des Bildschirms genommen und dein Druck aus der Zeit, die der Browser dem Ereignis selbst gibt, nicht aus dem Moment, in dem unser Code dazu kam.",[419,421,423,425,427],{"t":166,"v":420},"Ein Druck, der schneller ist als ",{"t":169,"v":422},"100",{"t":166,"v":424}," ms, zählt als Raten, und der Versuch wird wiederholt. Ein Druck, der langsamer ist als ",{"t":169,"v":426},"1.000",{"t":166,"v":428}," ms, zählt als Aussetzer.",[430,432,434,436,438],{"t":166,"v":431},"Nach einem Übungsversuch zählen ",{"t":169,"v":433},"5",{"t":166,"v":435}," Versuche (",{"t":169,"v":437},"20",{"t":166,"v":439}," im genauen Modus), und dein Ergebnis ist der mittlere.",[441],{"t":166,"v":442},"Wenn du während eines Versuchs zu einem anderen Tab oder Fenster wechselst, wird dieser Versuch verworfen.",{"type":205,"text":444},[445,447,449,450,452,454,456,457,459],{"t":166,"v":446},"Der Test misst auch die Bildwiederholrate deines Bildschirms und zeigt sie mit deinem Ergebnis an, damit du siehst, was der Bildschirm hinzufügt. Er rechnet die Verzögerung ein, die die Roboter-Studien zusätzlich zu der des Labors fanden, ",{"t":169,"v":448},"44,1",{"t":166,"v":355},{"t":169,"v":451},"115,1",{"t":166,"v":453}," ms mit Tastatur oder Maus und ",{"t":169,"v":455},"39,8",{"t":166,"v":355},{"t":169,"v":458},"52",{"t":166,"v":460}," ms mit Touchscreen, und zeigt den Vergleich mit der Studie als Spanne. Am Computer ist diese Spanne breit, und das ist ein Grund mehr, deine eigenen Ergebnisse auf einem Gerät zu vergleichen, statt einer einzigen Zahl nachzujagen.",{"type":205,"text":462},[463,465,469,471,475],{"t":166,"v":464},"Der Artikel über ",{"t":236,"v":466,"to":467,"key":468},"Input Lag","\u002Fde\u002Ffakten\u002Finput-lag","facts-input-lag",{"t":166,"v":470}," betrachtet Bildschirme, Mäuse und Bildwiederholraten genauer, und jede Studie, mit der unsere Tests dich vergleichen, steht auf der Seite ",{"t":236,"v":472,"to":473,"key":474},"Studien hinter den Zahlen","\u002Fde\u002Fstudien","studies",{"t":166,"v":182},[477,479,482,485],{"key":12,"path":13,"title":237,"description":478},"Kostenloser Reaktionstest im Browser: Tippe oder klicke, sobald es grün wird. Deine mittlere Zeit steht neben einer Studie mit Erwachsenen. Ohne Konto.",{"key":138,"path":139,"title":480,"description":481},"Methodik","Die Methodik von Selfspecs: wie die Zeit gemessen wird, wie dein Ergebnis mit einer genannten Stichprobe verglichen wird und was ungeprüft ist.",{"key":468,"path":467,"title":483,"description":484},"Input Lag: Wie viel Verzögerung steckt in deinem Gerät?","Input Lag erklärt: was ein schneller Bildschirm, eine schnelle Maus und dein Browser zu einer Reaktion hinzufügen und was die E-Sport-Forschung dazu fand.",{"key":486,"path":487,"title":488,"description":489},"guide-test-accuracy","\u002Fde\u002Fratgeber\u002Fgenauigkeit-von-online-tests","Genauigkeit von Online Tests","Wie ist die Genauigkeit von Online Tests? Wie ein Browser eine Reaktion misst, was Bildschirm, Maus und Tastatur dazugeben und wie weit Fragebögen tragen.",[491,495,497],{"key":492,"path":493,"name":494},"home","\u002Fde","Online Tests kostenlos: Was möchtest du testen?",{"key":144,"path":145,"name":496},"Fakten: Was Studien und Rekorde wirklich zeigen",{"key":156,"path":498,"name":163},"\u002Fde\u002Ffakten\u002Freaktionszeit-messen",[500,513,526,538,549,559,568,579,590,602],{"n":180,"id":179,"kind":501,"authors":502,"year":503,"title":504,"venue":505,"doi":506,"url":507,"participants":268,"population":508,"notes":509},"sample","Woods, D. L., Wyma, J. M., Yund, E. W., Herron, T. J., & Reed, B.",2015,"Factors influencing the latency of simple reaction time","Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 131","10.3389\u002Ffnhum.2015.00131","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.frontiersin.org\u002Fjournals\u002Fhuman-neuroscience\u002Farticles\u002F10.3389\u002Ffnhum.2015.00131\u002Ffull","Community volunteers in Rotorua, New Zealand, aged 18 to 65 (mean age 45.8, 40% men)",[510],{"date":511,"url":507,"quote":512},"2026-10-01","Abstract: \"Experiment 1 examined a community sample of 1469 subjects ranging in age from 18 to 65. Mean SRT latencies were short (231, 213 ms when corrected for hardware delays) and increased significantly with age (0.55 ms\u002Fyear)\". Table 2, column Experiment 1: \"N 1469\", \"SRT 230.8\", \"SRT SD 26.8\".",{"n":223,"id":222,"kind":514,"authors":515,"year":516,"title":517,"venue":518,"doi":519,"url":520,"participants":521,"population":522,"notes":523},"source","Der, G., & Deary, I. J.",2006,"Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood: Results from the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey","Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 62–73","10.1037\u002F0882-7974.21.1.62","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16594792\u002F","7.130","Adults in the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey",[524],{"date":159,"url":520,"quote":525},"Abstract: \"The authors reanalyzed data for 7,130 adult participants in the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey\" \"The authors modeled the age differences in simple and 4-choice reaction time means and variabilities\" \"Simple RT shows little slowing until around 50, whereas choice RT slows throughout the adult age range.\"",{"n":228,"id":227,"kind":514,"authors":527,"year":528,"title":529,"venue":530,"doi":531,"url":532,"participants":533,"population":534,"notes":535},"Fozard, J. L., Vercruyssen, M., Reynolds, S. L., Hancock, P. A., & Quilter, R. E.",1994,"Age differences and changes in reaction time: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","Journal of Gerontology, 49(4), P179–P189","10.1093\u002Fgeronj\u002F49.4.p179","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F8014399\u002F","1.265","Community volunteers in Baltimore aged 17 to 96",[536],{"date":159,"url":532,"quote":537},"Abstract: \"This study analyzed auditory reaction time (RT) data from 1,265 community-dwelling volunteers (833 males and 432 females) who ranged in age from 17 to 96.\" \"Repeated testing within participants (longitudinal analyses) over eight years showed consistent slowing and increased variability with age.\" \"Beginning at about age 20, RTs increased at a rate of approximately 0.5 msec\u002Fyr for SRT and 1.6 msec\u002Fyr for DRT.\"",{"n":297,"id":296,"kind":514,"authors":539,"year":540,"title":541,"venue":542,"doi":543,"url":544,"notes":545},"Bridges, D., Pitiot, A., MacAskill, M. R., & Peirce, J. W.",2020,"The timing mega-study: comparing a range of experiment generators, both lab-based and online","PeerJ, 8, e9414","10.7717\u002Fpeerj.9414","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC7512138\u002F",[546],{"date":159,"url":547,"quote":548},"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F33005482\u002F","Abstract: \"Among the lab-based experiments, Psychtoolbox, PsychoPy, Presentation and E-Prime provided the best timing, all with mean precision under 1 millisecond across the visual, audio and response measures.\" \"Online studies did not deliver the same level of precision as lab-based systems, with slightly more variability in all measurements.\" \"For response times (measured using a high-performance button box), most of the packages achieved precision at least under 10 ms in all browsers, with PsychoPy achieving a precision under 3.5 ms in all.\" \"The results, from over 110,000 trials, highlight the wide range of timing qualities that can occur even in these dedicated software packages for the task.\"",{"n":309,"id":308,"kind":514,"authors":550,"year":551,"title":552,"venue":553,"doi":554,"url":555,"notes":556},"Thorpe, S., Fize, D., & Marlot, C.",1996,"Speed of processing in the human visual system","Nature, 381(6582), 520–522","10.1038\u002F381520a0","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F8632824\u002F",[557],{"date":159,"url":555,"quote":558},"Abstract: \"Here we use a go\u002Fno-go categorization task in which subjects have to decide whether a previously unseen photograph, flashed on for just 20 ms, contains an animal. ERP analysis revealed a frontal negativity specific to no-go trials that develops roughly 150 ms after stimulus onset. We conclude that the visual processing needed to perform this highly demanding task can be achieved in under 150 ms.\"",{"n":325,"id":324,"kind":514,"authors":560,"year":561,"title":562,"venue":563,"url":564,"notes":565},"World Athletics",2026,"Book C, C2.1 Technical Rules, Rule 16 (The start), version in force from 1 July 2026","World Athletics Book of Rules","https:\u002F\u002Fworldathletics.org\u002Fabout-iaaf\u002Fdocuments\u002Fbook-of-rules",[566],{"date":159,"url":564,"quote":567},"C2.1 Technical Rules (document \"C1.1 & C2.1 - Competition Rules & Technical Rules\", dated 01 JUL 2026): \"When a World Athletics certified Start Information System is in use, the Starter and\u002For an assigned Recaller shall wear headphones in order to clearly hear the acoustic signal emitted when the System indicates a possible false start (i.e. when the reaction time is less than 0.100 second).\"",{"n":341,"id":340,"kind":514,"authors":569,"year":570,"title":571,"venue":572,"doi":573,"url":574,"population":575,"notes":576},"Pain, M. T. G., & Hibbs, A.",2007,"Sprint starts and the minimum auditory reaction time","Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(1), 79–86","10.1080\u002F02640410600718004","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F17127583\u002F","Nine sprinters starting from instrumented blocks",[577],{"date":159,"url":574,"quote":578},"Abstract: \"The simple auditory reaction time is one of the fastest reaction times and is thought to be rarely less than 100 ms.\" \"Reaction time in nine athletes performing sprint starts in four conditions was measured using starting blocks instrumented with piezoelectric force transducers\" \"Five of the athletes had mean reaction times of less than 100 ms in at least one condition and 20% of all starts in the first two conditions had a reaction time of less than 100 ms. The results demonstrate that the neuromuscular-physiological component of simple auditory reaction times can be under 85 ms and that EMG latencies can be under 60 ms.\"",{"n":362,"id":361,"kind":514,"authors":580,"year":540,"title":581,"venue":582,"doi":583,"url":584,"population":585,"notes":586},"Pronk, T., Wiers, R. W., Molenkamp, B., & Murre, J.","Mental chronometry in the pocket? Timing accuracy of web applications on touchscreen and keyboard devices","Behavior Research Methods, 52(3), 1371–1382","10.3758\u002Fs13428-019-01321-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC7280355\u002F","Four devices from 2015 and 2016: a MacBook Pro, an ASUS laptop, a Samsung Galaxy S7 and an iPhone 6S, pressed by a robot",[587],{"date":159,"url":588,"quote":589},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC7280355\u002FfullTextXML","Abstract: \"In controlled circumstances, as can be realized in a lab setting, very accurate stimulus timing and moderately accurate RT measurements could be achieved on both touchscreen and keyboard devices, though RTs were consistently overestimated.\" Table 4 \"Descriptives of RT overestimations (in milliseconds) per device and browser\" (OS, Web Browser, Minimum, Maximum, Mean, SD): \"Android Chrome 46.0 103.5 69.8 7.4\", \"iOS Safari 48.3 96.3 57.6 6.5\", \"MacOS Safari 93.0 163.7 132.9 8.1\", \"Windows Chrome 64.7 70.6 68.5 1.7\", \"Windows Firefox 49.8 84.9 61.9 5.7\".",{"n":373,"id":372,"kind":514,"authors":591,"year":592,"title":593,"venue":594,"doi":595,"url":596,"population":597,"notes":598},"Anwyl-Irvine, A., Dalmaijer, E. S., Hodges, N., & Evershed, J. K.",2021,"Realistic precision and accuracy of online experiment platforms, web browsers, and devices","Behavior Research Methods, 53(4), 1407–1425","10.3758\u002Fs13428-020-01501-5","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC8367876\u002F","Desktop and laptop computers with Windows 10 and macOS, pressed by a robot; and the equipment of 202,600 online participants",[599],{"date":159,"url":600,"quote":601},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC8367876\u002FfullTextXML","Abstract: \"We then employed a robot actuator in realistic set-ups to measure response recording across the aforementioned platforms, and between different keyboard types (desktop and integrated laptop).\" \"We found that modern web platforms provide reasonable accuracy and precision for display duration and manual response time\". Table 2 \"RT delay is calculated as the difference between known and recorded RT.\" Browser means: \"Chrome 78.81\", \"Edge 80.10\", \"Firefox 82.30\", \"Safari 76.50\"; device means: \"macOS-Desktop 85.35\", \"Windows-Desktop 76.24\", \"Windows-Laptop 73.65\". Results: \"We found that 77% of these devices were desktop or laptop computers, whereas only 20% were mobile devices\" \"Based on a sample of 202,600 participants.\"",{"n":395,"id":394,"kind":514,"authors":603,"year":604,"title":605,"venue":606,"url":607,"participants":437,"population":608,"notes":609},"Yoshida, K. T., Kiernan, J. X., Okamura, A. M., & Nunez, C. M.",2023,"Exploring human response times to combinations of audio, haptic, and visual stimuli from a mobile device","IEEE World Haptics Conference 2023 (arXiv:2305.17180)","https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fabs\u002F2305.17180","Adults aged 20 to 29 holding an iPhone 11",[610],{"date":159,"url":611,"quote":612},"https:\u002F\u002Farxiv.org\u002Fpdf\u002F2305.17180","\"Our user study included 20 participants (13 female, 6 male, 1 non-binary; aged 20-29).\" \"Participants had the shortest response time for the high audio stimulus (405 ± 50 ms) and longest response time for the low visual stimulus (528 ± 105 ms).\" \"The mean response time is the fastest in the condition with high levels of all three stimuli (mean ± standard deviation, 320 ± 43 ms)\" \"The fastest mean response time recorded for a particular subject was 250 ms, and the slowest was 819 ms.\" \"The overall mean response time across all conditions was (380 ± 52 ms).\"",{"heading":614,"items":615},"Fragen",[616,629,644,654],{"q":617,"a":618},"Wie misst man die Reaktionszeit im Labor?",[619],{"type":205,"text":620},[621,623,624,626,627],{"t":166,"v":622},"Mit einem geeichten Bildschirm und einer geeichten Taste, einer zufälligen Wartezeit vor jedem Signal und vielen Versuchen. Die Verzögerung der Geräte wird gemessen und eingerechnet: In einer großen Studie ging der Durchschnitt von ",{"t":169,"v":170},{"t":166,"v":625}," ms auf ",{"t":169,"v":174},{"t":166,"v":628}," ms, nachdem sie herausgerechnet war.",{"q":630,"a":631},"Sind Online-Reaktionstests genau?",[632],{"type":205,"text":633},[634,636,637,638,639,641,642],{"t":166,"v":635},"Sie sind gleichmäßig, aber sie zeigen zu viel an. Roboter-Tests fanden, dass Browser Reaktionen auf alltäglichen Geräten im Schnitt um ",{"t":169,"v":353},{"t":166,"v":355},{"t":169,"v":357},{"t":166,"v":640}," ms zu langsam aufzeichneten, bei den meisten Programmen aber mit einer Genauigkeit unter ",{"t":169,"v":380},{"t":166,"v":643}," ms zeitlich erfassten.",{"q":645,"a":646},"Wie wird die Reaktionszeit im Sprint gemessen?",[647],{"type":205,"text":648},[649,651,652],{"t":166,"v":650},"Durch Sensoren in den Startblöcken, die mit der Startpistole verbunden sind. Eine Reaktion von weniger als ",{"t":169,"v":320},{"t":166,"v":653}," Sekunden gilt als möglicher Fehlstart.",{"q":655,"a":656},"Warum ändert sich mein Ergebnis von Versuch zu Versuch?",[657],{"type":205,"text":658},[659],{"t":166,"v":660},"Weil Menschen nie genau gleich schnell reagieren und weil der Moment jedes Drucks anders zur Bildwiederholung des Bildschirms fällt. Deshalb nutzen Tests mehrere Versuche und nehmen den mittleren.","Weiterlesen",{"label":663,"to":13,"key":12},"Zum Reaktionstest","Quellen",[666,683,705,715,741,759],{"section":6,"hub":9,"cards":667},[668,671,675,679],{"key":12,"test":12,"path":13,"title":237,"line":669,"minutes":180,"devices":670},"Finde heraus, wie schnell du reagierst, wenn der Bildschirm grün wird.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":16,"test":16,"path":17,"title":672,"line":673,"minutes":180,"devices":674},"F1 Reaktionstest","Finde heraus, wie schnell du startest, wenn fünf rote Lichter ausgehen.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":19,"test":19,"path":20,"title":676,"line":677,"minutes":180,"devices":678},"Akustischer Reaktionstest","Finde heraus, wie schnell du auf einen Piepton reagierst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":23,"test":23,"path":24,"title":680,"line":681,"minutes":180,"devices":682},"Aim Trainer: Triff die Ziele so schnell du kannst","Finde heraus, wie schnell und wie genau du Ziele triffst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"section":26,"hub":29,"cards":684},[685,689,693,697,701],{"key":32,"test":32,"path":33,"title":686,"line":687,"minutes":180,"devices":688},"Klicktest","Finde heraus, wie oft du pro Sekunde klicken kannst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":35,"test":35,"path":36,"title":690,"line":691,"minutes":180,"devices":692},"Leertaste Test","Finde heraus, wie schnell du die Leertaste drücken kannst.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":38,"test":38,"path":39,"title":694,"line":695,"minutes":180,"devices":696},"Klickzähler","Zähle mit einem großen Knopf alles, was du willst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":41,"test":41,"path":42,"title":698,"line":699,"minutes":180,"devices":700},"BPM Zähler","Tippe zum Takt mit und finde heraus, wie schnell er ist.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":44,"test":44,"path":45,"title":702,"line":703,"minutes":180,"devices":704},"APM Test: Aktionen pro Minute messen","Finde heraus, wie viele Aktionen pro Minute du mit Tastatur und Maus machst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"section":47,"hub":50,"cards":706},[707,711],{"key":53,"test":53,"path":54,"title":708,"line":709,"minutes":180,"devices":710},"Tipptest","Finde heraus, wie schnell und wie genau du tippst.",{"mouse":21,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":56,"test":56,"path":57,"title":712,"line":713,"minutes":228,"devices":714},"Lesegeschwindigkeit Test","Finde heraus, wie schnell du liest und den Text dabei noch verstehst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":59,"hub":62,"cards":716},[717,721,725,729,733,737],{"key":65,"test":65,"path":66,"title":718,"line":719,"minutes":228,"devices":720},"Zahlengedächtnis Test","Finde heraus, wie viele Ziffern du im Kopf behalten kannst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":68,"test":68,"path":69,"title":722,"line":723,"minutes":228,"devices":724},"Visuelles Gedächtnis Test","Finde heraus, wie viele Felder du dir auf einem wachsenden Gitter merkst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":71,"test":71,"path":72,"title":726,"line":727,"minutes":228,"devices":728},"Sequenz Gedächtnis testen","Finde heraus, wie lange eine Folge aufleuchtender Felder du wiederholen kannst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":74,"test":74,"path":75,"title":730,"line":731,"minutes":228,"devices":732},"Wortgedächtnis testen","Finde heraus, wie viele Wörter du als schon gesehen oder neu auseinanderhältst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":77,"test":77,"path":78,"title":734,"line":735,"minutes":228,"devices":736},"Schimpansen Test","Finde heraus, an wie viele Zahlen du dich erinnerst, nachdem sie verschwunden sind.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":80,"test":80,"path":81,"title":738,"line":739,"minutes":228,"devices":740},"Konzentrationstest (Stroop-Test)","Finde heraus, wie gut du ein Wort ignorieren kannst, während du seine Farbe nennst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":83,"hub":86,"cards":742},[743,747,751,755],{"key":89,"test":89,"path":90,"title":744,"line":745,"minutes":180,"devices":746},"Tastatur Test","Drück deine Tasten und sieh, welche funktionieren.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":92,"test":92,"path":93,"title":748,"line":749,"minutes":180,"devices":750},"Maus Tester","Prüf jeden Knopf und das Rad deiner Maus.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":95,"test":95,"path":96,"title":752,"line":753,"minutes":180,"devices":754},"Polling Rate Test für deine Maus","Finde heraus, wie oft deine Maus meldet, wo sie ist.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":98,"test":98,"path":99,"title":756,"line":757,"minutes":180,"devices":758},"Monitor Hz Test","Finde heraus, wie viele Bilder pro Sekunde dein Bildschirm zeigt.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":101,"hub":104,"cards":760},[761,766,770,774,778,782,786,790],{"key":107,"test":107,"path":108,"title":762,"line":763,"minutes":764,"devices":765},"Big Five Test: deine fünf großen Eigenschaften","Ein langer, sorgfältiger Blick auf fünf große Eigenschaften, mit mehr Einzelheiten zu jeder.",20,{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":110,"test":110,"path":111,"title":767,"line":768,"minutes":362,"devices":769},"Persönlichkeitstest","Fünfzig kurze Aussagen darüber, wie du meistens bist, für fünf große Eigenschaften.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":113,"test":113,"path":114,"title":771,"line":772,"minutes":223,"devices":773},"Kurzer Persönlichkeitstest","Zehn kurze Aussagen: eine schnelle Skizze von fünf großen Eigenschaften.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":116,"test":116,"path":117,"title":775,"line":776,"minutes":764,"devices":777},"16 Persönlichkeitstypen Test","Sieh deine Big-Five-Antworten als vier Regler und einen Code aus vier Buchstaben.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":119,"test":119,"path":120,"title":779,"line":780,"minutes":362,"devices":781},"Berufstest: Was würdest du gern tun?","Finde heraus, zu welcher Art von Tätigkeit es dich am meisten zieht.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":122,"test":122,"path":123,"title":783,"line":784,"minutes":309,"devices":785},"Dunkle Triade Test: Wie antwortest du?","Ein kurzer Fragebogen über vier weniger schöne Seiten der Persönlichkeit.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":125,"test":125,"path":126,"title":787,"line":788,"minutes":395,"devices":789},"Politik Test: Wo stehen deine Werte?","Finde heraus, wo du auf vier Wertskalen stehst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":128,"test":128,"path":129,"title":791,"line":792,"minutes":223,"devices":793},"Selbstwert Test: Wie siehst du dich?","Ein kurzer Fragebogen darüber, wie du dich selbst siehst.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},1791315184748]