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",{"t":180,"v":585},"320,128",{"t":166,"v":587}," بالغًا في الولايات المتحدة عن العبارات الـ",{"t":180,"v":563},{"t":166,"v":590}," نفسها على الإنترنت",{"t":169,"id":592,"n":593},"kajonius-2019-openness",8,{"t":166,"v":595},". أجب كما أنت عادة لا كما تتمنى أن تكون، واقرأ النتيجة وصفًا لا حكمًا.",{"type":229,"text":597},[598,600],{"t":166,"v":599},"وهل ينقسم الناس إلى أنواع أيضًا؟ هذا موضوع ",{"t":558,"v":601,"to":602,"key":603},"ما هو نوع شخصيتي؟","\u002Far\u002Ffacts\u002Fwhat-is-my-personality-type","facts-personality-types",[605,608,613,616],{"key":107,"path":108,"title":606,"description":607},"اختبار العوامل الخمسة الكبرى للشخصية","اختبار العوامل الخمسة الكبرى للشخصية مجاني: خمسة عوامل وثلاثون وجهًا وصورة واضحة لكل منها. بدون تسجيل، وإجاباتك تبقى في متصفحك.",{"key":609,"path":610,"title":611,"description":612},"norms-big-five-traits","\u002Far\u002Fbig-five-traits","السمات الخمس الكبرى للشخصية","السمات الخمس الكبرى للشخصية بكلمات بسيطة: الانفتاح والضمير والانبساط والمقبولية والعصابية، وما تستطيع الدرجة في كل منها أن تقوله وما لا تقوله.",{"key":603,"path":602,"title":614,"description":615},"أنواع الشخصيات: ما هو نوع شخصيتي؟","أنواع الشخصيات: لماذا يجد البحث سمات لا أنواعًا واضحة، وماذا تقيس الأنواع الستة عشر، وماذا وجدت دراسات كبيرة عن الأنواع، وما الجواب الصادق.",{"key":110,"path":111,"title":567,"description":617},"اختبار الشخصية مجاني: عبارات قصيرة عنك وصورة واضحة لخمس سمات. بدون تسجيل، وإجاباتك تبقى في متصفحك. ابدأ الآن وخذ وقتك كما تشاء.",[619,623,625],{"key":620,"path":621,"name":622},"home","\u002Far","اختبارات اونلاين: ماذا تريد أن تختبر؟",{"key":144,"path":145,"name":624},"حقائق من الدراسات: ما الذي نعرفه فعلًا؟",{"key":156,"path":626,"name":163},"\u002Far\u002Ffacts\u002Fbig-five-personality-traits-explained",[628,639,650,660,670,680,690,700],{"n":171,"id":170,"kind":629,"authors":630,"year":631,"title":632,"venue":633,"doi":634,"url":635,"notes":636},"source","Goldberg, L. R.",1990,"An alternative \"description of personality\": The Big-Five factor structure","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(6), 1216–1229","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.59.6.1216","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F2283588\u002F",[637],{"date":159,"url":635,"quote":638},"Abstract: \"In the 45 years since Cattell used English trait terms to begin the formulation of his \\\"description of personality,\\\" a number of investigators have proposed an alternative structure based on 5 orthogonal factors.\" \"In the first of 3 studies, 1,431 trait adjectives grouped into 75 clusters were analyzed; virtually identical structures emerged in 10 replications, each based on a different factor-analytic procedure.\" \"None of the factors beyond the 5th generalized across the samples.\"",{"n":176,"id":175,"kind":629,"authors":640,"year":641,"title":642,"venue":643,"doi":644,"url":645,"population":646,"notes":647},"McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr.",1987,"Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81–90","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.52.1.81","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F3820081\u002F","Adults rated by themselves and by people who knew them",[648],{"date":159,"url":645,"quote":649},"Abstract: \"adjective factors of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness-antagonism, and conscientiousness-undirectedness were identified in an analysis of 738 peer ratings of 275 adult subjects. Intraclass correlations among raters, ranging from .30 to .65, and correlations between mean peer ratings and self-reports, from .25 to .62, showed substantial cross-observer agreement on all five adjective factors.\"",{"n":186,"id":185,"kind":629,"authors":651,"year":652,"title":653,"venue":654,"doi":655,"url":656,"notes":657},"McCrae, R. R., & Terracciano, A.",2005,"Universal features of personality traits from the observer's perspective: Data from 50 cultures","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(3), 547–561","10.1037\u002F0022-3514.88.3.547","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F15740445\u002F",[658],{"date":159,"url":656,"quote":659},"Abstract: \"To test hypotheses about the universality of personality traits, college students in 50 cultures identified an adult or college-aged man or woman whom they knew well and rated the 11,985 targets using the 3rd-person version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Factor analyses within cultures showed that the normative American self-report structure was clearly replicated in most cultures and was recognizable in all.\" \"Cross-sectional age differences for 3 factors followed the pattern identified in self-reports, with moderate rates of change during college age and slower changes after age 40.\"",{"n":195,"id":194,"kind":629,"authors":661,"year":662,"title":663,"venue":664,"doi":665,"url":666,"notes":667},"Vukasović, T., & Bratko, D.",2015,"Heritability of personality: A meta-analysis of behavior genetic studies","Psychological Bulletin, 141(4), 769–785","10.1037\u002Fbul0000017","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F25961374\u002F",[668],{"date":159,"url":666,"quote":669},"Abstract: \"the final sample included 62 independent effect sizes, representing more than 100,000 participants of both genders and all ages.\" \"The average effect size was .40, indicating that 40% of individual differences in personality were due to genetic, while 60% are due to environmental influences.\" \"study design was a significant moderator with twin studies showing higher estimates, .47, compared to family and adoption studies, .22.\"",{"n":483,"id":482,"kind":629,"authors":671,"year":672,"title":673,"venue":674,"doi":675,"url":676,"notes":677},"Roberts, B. W., & DelVecchio, W. F.",2000,"The rank-order consistency of personality traits from childhood to old age: A quantitative review of longitudinal studies","Psychological Bulletin, 126(1), 3–25","10.1037\u002F0033-2909.126.1.3","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F10668348\u002F",[678],{"date":159,"url":676,"quote":679},"Abstract: \"From 152 longitudinal studies, 3,217 test-retest correlation coefficients were compiled. Meta-analytic estimates of mean population test-retest correlation coefficients showed that trait consistency increased from .31 in childhood to .54 during the college years, to .64 at age 30, and then reached a plateau around .74 between ages 50 and 70 when time interval was held constant at 6.7 years.\"",{"n":501,"id":500,"kind":629,"authors":681,"year":682,"title":683,"venue":684,"doi":685,"url":686,"notes":687},"Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Viechtbauer, W.",2006,"Patterns of mean-level change in personality traits across the life course: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","Psychological Bulletin, 132(1), 1–25","10.1037\u002F0033-2909.132.1.1","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F16435954\u002F",[688],{"date":159,"url":686,"quote":689},"Abstract: \"The present study used meta-analytic techniques (number of samples = 92) to determine the patterns of mean-level change in personality traits across the life course. Results showed that people increase in measures of social dominance (a facet of extraversion), conscientiousness, and emotional stability, especially in young adulthood (age 20 to 40). In contrast, people increase on measures of social vitality (a 2nd facet of extraversion) and openness in adolescence but then decrease in both of these domains in old age. Agreeableness changed only in old age.\"",{"n":543,"id":542,"kind":629,"authors":691,"year":692,"title":693,"venue":694,"doi":695,"url":696,"notes":697},"Soto, C. J.",2019,"How replicable are links between personality traits and consequential life outcomes? The Life Outcomes of Personality Replication Project","Psychological Science, 30(5), 711–727","10.1177\u002F0956797619831612","https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F30950321\u002F",[698],{"date":159,"url":696,"quote":699},"Abstract: \"I conducted preregistered, high-powered (median N = 1,504) replications of 78 previously published trait-outcome associations. Overall, 87% of the replication attempts were statistically significant in the expected direction. The replication effects were typically 77% as strong as the corresponding original effects, which represents a significant decline in effect size.\"",{"n":593,"id":592,"kind":701,"authors":702,"year":692,"title":703,"venue":704,"doi":705,"url":706,"participants":585,"population":707,"notes":708},"sample","Kajonius, P. J., & Johnson, J. A.","Assessing the structure of the Five Factor Model of Personality (IPIP-NEO-120) in the public domain","Europe's Journal of Psychology, 15(2), 260–275","10.5964\u002Fejop.v15i2.1671","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC7871748\u002F","Volunteers in the United States aged 19 to 69 (mean age 28.1; 60% women) who answered all 120 items on a website",[709],{"date":159,"url":706,"quote":710},"Table A1, \"Sample Descriptive Statistics of 5 Trait Domains and 30 Facets\" (Trait domain, M, SD): \"Neuroticism 11.10 2.66\", \"Extraversion 13.69 2.36\", \"Openness 13.71 2.06\", \"Agreeableness 14.87 2.01\", \"Conscientiousness 14.95 2.34\". Note: \"N = 320,128. … The facet trait scales ranged from 4 (Min) to 20 (Max).\" Method: \"Six facet traits in turn are averaged into one trait factor.\"",{"heading":712,"items":713},"أسئلة",[714,721,734,741],{"q":715,"a":716},"ما هي سمات الشخصية الخمس الكبرى؟",[717],{"type":229,"text":718},[719],{"t":166,"v":720},"الانفتاح، والضمير الحي، والانبساط، والمودّة، والعصابية (وعكسها الاستقرار العاطفي). وكل منها مقياس يختلف عليه الناس بالدرجة.",{"q":722,"a":723},"هل الشخصية موروثة؟",[724],{"type":229,"text":725},[726,728,729,731,732],{"t":166,"v":727},"جزئيًا. فقد ربطت مراجعة لـ",{"t":180,"v":425},{"t":166,"v":730}," نتيجة من دراسات التوائم والعائلات والتبني نحو ",{"t":180,"v":190},{"t":166,"v":733}," من الفروق بين الناس بالجينات والباقي بالبيئة.",{"q":735,"a":736},"هل تتغير الشخصية مع العمر؟",[737],{"type":229,"text":738},[739],{"t":166,"v":740},"قليلًا، وفي اتجاه مشترك: ففي المتوسط يصير الناس أكثر ضميرًا حيًا واستقرارًا عاطفيًا خلال بدايات الرشد. ويصير مكانهم بالنسبة لغيرهم أثبت مع العمر.",{"q":742,"a":743},"لماذا خمس سمات لا أكثر؟",[744],{"type":229,"text":745},[746],{"t":166,"v":747},"لأن خمسة عوامل عريضة تظهر باستمرار حين تُحلَّل أوصاف كثيرة، ولم تصمد عوامل أخرى عبر العيّنات. ويمكن تقسيم كل واحد من الخمسة إلى جوانب أضيق.","تابع القراءة",{"label":750,"to":108,"key":107},"أجرِ اختبار العوامل الخمسة الكبرى","المصادر",[753,771,793,803,829,847],{"section":6,"hub":9,"cards":754},[755,759,763,767],{"key":12,"test":12,"path":13,"title":756,"line":757,"minutes":171,"devices":758},"اختبار ردة الفعل","اعرف مدى سرعتك حين تتحوّل الشاشة إلى الأخضر.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":16,"test":16,"path":17,"title":760,"line":761,"minutes":171,"devices":762},"f1 reaction test: اختبار الانطلاق","اعرف مدى سرعة انطلاقك حين تنطفئ خمسة أضواء حمراء.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":19,"test":19,"path":20,"title":764,"line":765,"minutes":171,"devices":766},"اختبار رد الفعل السمعي","اعرف مدى سرعتك في الاستجابة لصوت صفير.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":23,"test":23,"path":24,"title":768,"line":769,"minutes":171,"devices":770},"تدريب الايم","اعرف مدى سرعتك ودقتك في إصابة الأهداف.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"section":26,"hub":29,"cards":772},[773,777,781,785,789],{"key":32,"test":32,"path":33,"title":774,"line":775,"minutes":171,"devices":776},"اختبار cps","اعرف كم مرة تستطيع أن تنقر في الثانية.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":35,"test":35,"path":36,"title":778,"line":779,"minutes":171,"devices":780},"spacebar clicker: عدّاد ضغطات مفتاح المسافة","اعرف مدى سرعتك في الضغط على مفتاح المسافة.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":38,"test":38,"path":39,"title":782,"line":783,"minutes":171,"devices":784},"عدد النقرات","عُدّ أي شيء تريده بزر واحد كبير.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":41,"test":41,"path":42,"title":786,"line":787,"minutes":171,"devices":788},"tap tempo: اعرف سرعة الإيقاع بالنقر","انقر مع الإيقاع واعرف ما سرعته.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":44,"test":44,"path":45,"title":790,"line":791,"minutes":171,"devices":792},"اختبار APM","اعرف كم فعلًا تؤدي في الدقيقة بلوحة المفاتيح والفأرة.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"section":47,"hub":50,"cards":794},[795,799],{"key":53,"test":53,"path":54,"title":796,"line":797,"minutes":171,"devices":798},"اختبار سرعة الكتابة","اعرف مدى سرعتك ودقتك في الكتابة.",{"mouse":21,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":56,"test":56,"path":57,"title":800,"line":801,"minutes":186,"devices":802},"اختبار سرعة القراءة","اعرف مدى سرعة قراءتك مع فهم النص.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":59,"hub":62,"cards":804},[805,809,813,817,821,825],{"key":65,"test":65,"path":66,"title":806,"line":807,"minutes":186,"devices":808},"اختبار ذاكرة الأرقام","اعرف كم رقمًا تستطيع أن تحتفظ به في ذهنك.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":68,"test":68,"path":69,"title":810,"line":811,"minutes":186,"devices":812},"اختبار الذاكرة البصرية","اعرف كم مربعًا تتذكر على شبكة تكبر.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":71,"test":71,"path":72,"title":814,"line":815,"minutes":186,"devices":816},"اختبار ذاكرة التسلسل","اعرف أطول تسلسل من المربعات المضيئة تستطيع أن تكرره.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":74,"test":74,"path":75,"title":818,"line":819,"minutes":186,"devices":820},"اختبار الذاكرة اللفظية","اعرف كم كلمة تستطيع أن تميّز بين ما رأيته منها وما هو جديد.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":77,"test":77,"path":78,"title":822,"line":823,"minutes":186,"devices":824},"اختبار الشمبانزي","اعرف كم رقمًا تتذكر بعد أن تختفي.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":21},{"key":80,"test":80,"path":81,"title":826,"line":827,"minutes":186,"devices":828},"اختبار التركيز","اعرف مدى قدرتك على تجاهل كلمة وأنت تسمّي لونها.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":83,"hub":86,"cards":830},[831,835,839,843],{"key":89,"test":89,"path":90,"title":832,"line":833,"minutes":171,"devices":834},"اختبار لوحة المفاتيح","اضغط مفاتيحك وانظر أيها يعمل.",{"mouse":21,"touch":21,"keyboard":14},{"key":92,"test":92,"path":93,"title":836,"line":837,"minutes":171,"devices":838},"اختبار الماوس","افحص كل زر في الفأرة وعجلتها.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":95,"test":95,"path":96,"title":840,"line":841,"minutes":171,"devices":842},"polling rate test: كم هرتز ترسل فأرتك؟","اعرف كم مرة تبلّغ فأرتك عن موضعها.",{"mouse":14,"touch":21,"keyboard":21},{"key":98,"test":98,"path":99,"title":844,"line":845,"minutes":171,"devices":846},"اختبار معدل تحديث الشاشة","اعرف كم صورة في الثانية تعرضها شاشتك.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"section":101,"hub":104,"cards":848},[849,853,856,860,864,868,872,877],{"key":107,"test":107,"path":108,"title":606,"line":850,"minutes":851,"devices":852},"نظرة طويلة ودقيقة إلى خمس سمات واسعة، مع تفصيل أكثر لكل منها.",20,{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":110,"test":110,"path":111,"title":567,"line":854,"minutes":593,"devices":855},"خمسون عبارة قصيرة عن حالك المعتادة، لخمس سمات واسعة.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":113,"test":113,"path":114,"title":857,"line":858,"minutes":176,"devices":859},"اختبار شخصية سريع","عشر عبارات قصيرة: رسم سريع لخمس سمات واسعة.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":116,"test":116,"path":117,"title":861,"line":862,"minutes":851,"devices":863},"اختبار أنماط الشخصية الـ 16","انظر إلى إجاباتك في العوامل الخمسة الكبرى على شكل أربعة مفاتيح ورمز من أربعة أحرف.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":119,"test":119,"path":120,"title":865,"line":866,"minutes":593,"devices":867},"اختبار الميول المهنية","اعرف أي أنواع النشاط تميل إليها أكثر.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":122,"test":122,"path":123,"title":869,"line":870,"minutes":483,"devices":871},"اختبار الثالوث المظلم","استبيان قصير عن أربعة جوانب أقل لطفًا في الشخصية.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":125,"test":125,"path":126,"title":873,"line":874,"minutes":875,"devices":876},"اختبار التوجه السياسي","اعرف أين تقف على أربعة مقاييس للقيم.",10,{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},{"key":128,"test":128,"path":129,"title":878,"line":879,"minutes":176,"devices":880},"اختبار تقدير الذات","استبيان قصير عن نظرتك إلى نفسك.",{"mouse":14,"touch":14,"keyboard":14},1791315186243]